اثربخشي آموزش مهارت‌هاي ارتباطي بر ميزان رضايت زناشويي و كاهش تعارضات زناشويي دانشجويان زن دانشگاه علوم پزشكي

Effectiveness of Communication skills training on marital satisfaction and reducing marital conflicts of female students of the University of Medical Sciences

رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زوﺟﯿﻦ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﺳﺎﺳﯽ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك و ﻧﺤﻮه ﺣﻞ ﺗﻌﺎرﺿﺎت زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ، ﺑﺎاﯾﻦﺣﺎل در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺳﺎزهﻫﺎي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ آﻣﻮزش ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎي ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ ﺑﺮ رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻌﺎرﺿﺎت زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن زن داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن ﺑﻮد. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﯿﻤﻪآزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن-ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن و دوره ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻮاه ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﮐﻠﯿﻪ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن زن ﻣﺘﺄﻫﻞ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ 25 ﺗﺎ 40 ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ از ﺑﯿﻦ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﺪاد 45 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در دو ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮔﻮاه ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ اﯾﻨﺮﯾﭻ و ﺗﻌﺎرﺿﺎت زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ ﺛﻨﺎﯾﯽ دادهﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن، ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ده ﺟﻠﺴﻪ و ﻫﻔﺘﻪاي دو ﺑﺎر ﺗﺤﺖ آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎي ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ و ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻮاه ﻫﯿﭻ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪاي درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﮑﺮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ، از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﮑﺮر و ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار 23-SPSS اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﯿﺰان رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ در ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ )اﻧﺤﺮاف ﻣﻌﯿﺎر( رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ از )126/20(8/76 در ﻗﺒﻞ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ )155/60 (9/47 ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ و ﺑﻪ )9/26( 162/60 در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ در ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻮاه، ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ )اﻧﺤﺮاف ﻣﻌﯿﺎر( رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ زﻧﺎن از )126/26 (10/64 در ﻗﺒﻞ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ )124/46 (10/89 ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ و ﺑﻪ )121/40 (8/74 در دوره ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ )0/01

Couples' satisfaction is one of the main factors in determining the Of the mutual life and solving of marital conflict resolution, however, in relation to other effective structures, it is less considered. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of communication skills training on marital satisfaction and Reducing of the marital conflict in female students of the University of Medical Sciences. The research method was quasi experimental with pre-test-post-test design including a control group . The statistical population of the study Consisted of the total number of female students of the University of Medical Sciences 25-40 years old, from which 30 women were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Pre-test, post-test and follow-up data were obtained for each participant using Inrich Marital Satisfaction and Sanaei,s Marital Conflict Questionnaires. The experimental group underwent communication skills training for ten sessions twice a week and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed by Repetead measure ANOVA with SPSS software version 23, In the experimental group, the mean (standard deviation) of marital satisfaction increased from 126.20 (8.76) before the intervention to 155.60 (9.47) after the intervention and to 162.60 (9.26) in the follow-up. Follow-up increased, also in the control group, the mean (standard deviation) of women's marital satisfaction increased from 126.26 (10.64) before the intervention to 12.446 (10.89) after the intervention and to (84.8) 121/40 decreased during the follow-up(P<0.01). The difference in the experimental group in all three stages was statistically significant, except for the post-test and follow-up, which was not statistically significant (P <0.01). In the experimental group, the mean (standard deviation) of marital conflict decreased from 136.06 (5.86) before the intervention to 110.86 (6.17) after the intervention and to 102 (5) in the follow-up. Also in the control group, the mean (standard deviation) of female marital conflict from 137.33 (4.83) before the reduce to to 135.46 (4.53) after the intervention and decreased to 134.60 (6.70) in the Follow-up, which was statistically significant (P<0.01). The study showed that communication skills training could reduce marital conflict and increase the level of marital satisfaction of women in the post-test and follow-up stages.