ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﯽ در رﯾﺰﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ژﻧﺮاﺗﻮر ﺳﻨﮑﺮون ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺣﻔﻆ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻧﻮﺳﺎن اول

Coordination of Protection Equipment in Synchronous Generator-Based Microgrids with Regard to Maintaining First Swing Stability

ﺑﺎ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪن ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ، در زﻣﺎن وﻗﻮع ﺧﻄﺎ، ﻣﯿﺰان و ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﻋﺒﻮري از ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ و ﭘﺸﺘﯿﺒﺎن ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ و ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ آﻧﻬﺎ را ﺑﺮﻫﻢ ﻣﯽزﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺎن ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ژﻧﺮاﺗﻮر ﺳﻨﮑﺮون، ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ زﻣﺎن رﻓﻊ ﺧﻄﺎ ﺣﺴﺎسﺗﺮﻧﺪ و ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاريﺷﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺑﯿﻔﺘﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ زﻣﺎن رﻓﻊ ﺧﻄﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﯽ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ، اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻧﻮاع ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﻟﻤﺎنﻫﺎي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﯽ )رﻟﻪ-رﻟﻪ، رﻟﻪ-رﯾﮑﻠﻮزر و رﯾﮑﻠﻮزر-ﻓﯿﻮز(، ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎي داراي ژﻧﺮاﺗﻮر ﺳﻨﮑﺮون را ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. از ﺳﻮي دﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ اراﺋﻪ راهﮐﺎري اﺷﺎره ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪوﺳﯿﻠﻪ آن ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺿﻤﻦ ﺣﻔﻆ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻧﻮﺳﺎن اول ژﻧﺮاﺗﻮرﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﮑﺮون ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ، ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ اﺻﻠﯽ و ﭘﺸﺘﯿﺒﺎن را در زﻣﺎن وﻗﻮع ﺧﻄﺎ و در ﺣﻀﻮر اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻧﻤﻮد. در اﯾﻦ راهﮐﺎر ﻧﯿﺎزي ﺑﻪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ و ﯾﺎ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﺠﺪد ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﯽ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد. روش ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي ﺑﺎ ﻓﻌﺎلﺳﺎزي ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ آﻧﯽ در ﮐﻨﺎر ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ رﻟﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ، ﻗﺎدر اﺳﺖ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖﻫﺎ و ﭘﺎﯾﺪاريﮔﺬراي ژﻧﺮاﺗﻮرﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﮑﺮون ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ را ﺑﻪازاي ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻧﻔﻮذ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺗﺎ 100 درﺻﺪ ﺑﺮﻗﺮار ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﯿﺎدهﺳﺎزي روش ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي ﺑﺮ روي ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺴﺖ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد 33 ﺑﺎﺳﻪ IEEE در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار اﯾﺘﭗ )ETAP( ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ آن را ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﻣﯽﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ.

With the addition of distributed generation resources to the structure of distribution networks, at the time of the fault, the amount and direction of flow through the main and backup protections changes and disrupts the coordination between them. Synchronous generator-based sources, meanwhile, are more sensitive to error fixing times and their stability may be compromised. Since the troubleshooting time depends on the performance of the protection system, this paper proposes the most suitable protection combination for systems with synchronous generators by examining the types of combinations for protection elements (relay-relay, relay-recloser and recloser-fuse). Slowly On the other hand, this paper presents a solution by which, while maintaining the stability of the first oscillation of synchronous generators in the distribution network, the coordination between the main protection and the backup in the event of an error and in the presence of these sources can be maintained. There is no need to change or redesign the protection system in this solution. The proposed method, by activating the instantaneous characteristic along with the characteristic curve of the relay in the system, was able to establish coordination between the protections and transient stability of the synchronous generators in the distribution system for a penetration coefficient of 0 to 100%. The results of the implementation of the proposed method on the standard 33-bus IEEE test system in the ETAP software environment confirm its capability.