مطالعه اي تطبيقي درباره زمان در فلسفه ارسطو و حكمت متعاليه

A Comparative Study of time in Aristotelian Philosophy and the Transcendent Theosophy

In this article, the writer deals with the concept of time which has occupied philosophersʹ minds since long ago. The present study is confined to the views of Aristotle and Mulla Sadra. The writer presents a comparative study of their views to make the readers aware of: A) the ideas of the two distinguished philosophers of Greek and Islamic philosophy; B) the depth of Aristotleʹs influence on Islamic philosophy in general, and the Transendent Theosophy in particular; and C) the range of innovations in the discussion of time in Mulla Sadraʹs Philosophy, and the differences between these two prominent philosophical schools. At the end, the writer briefly concludes that: Aristotle believes that motion occurs in accidents and, as a result, time is also related to accidents. However, Mulla Sadra is of the view that motion occurs in substance. Of course he does not consider substance as identical with motion. Although the two philosophers present different definitions of time, they share a common point in the sense that both have included priority and posteriority in their definitions.