ﯾﮏ ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪاي ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ رﯾﺰﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ در ﺑﺎزار رﻗﺎﺑﺘﯽ روز ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺧﻮدروﻫﺎي اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ

A Three-Level Framework for Determining the Optimal Strategy of Microgrids to Participate in the Day-Ahead Competitive Market by Considering Electric Vehicles and Demand Response Programs

در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﯾﮏ ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪاي ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي رﯾﺰﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ در ﯾﮏ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ 118 ﺷﯿﻨﻪ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻋﺪم ﻗﻄﻌﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪﭘﺬﯾﺮ، ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎي ﺑﺎر و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺎرژ/دﺷﺎرژ ﺧﻮدروﻫﺎي اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ارﺗﻘﺎي اﻧﻌﻄﺎف در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي، ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮدار ﻗﺎدر ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد ﺗﺎ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺑﺎزآراﯾﯽ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﺷﺎرش ﺗﻮان را ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ دﻫﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ در ﻣﺪل ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي ﻣﺸﺘﺮﮐﯿﻦ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺧﻮد از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ در ﯾﮏ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اول ﻣﺪل ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي، اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي رﯾﺰﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ دوم ﻗﯿﻤﺖ ﺗﺴﻮﯾﻪ ﺑﺎزار ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮدار ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدات ارﺳﺎﻟﯽ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ، در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺳﻮم ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ رﯾﺰﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﯾﮏ روش ﺗﺌﻮري ﺑﺎزي ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺘﯽ ﺣﻞ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﻣﺪل ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺣﻞﮐﻨﻨﺪه CPLEX در ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار ﮔﻤﺰ ﺣﻞ ﺷﺪه و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﻟﻮژي دﯾﻨﺎﻣﯿﮏ اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي را ارﺗﻘﺎ داده و از اﯾﻦ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺣﺪود 10 درﺻﺪي ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري ﮐﻞ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺧﻮدروﻫﺎي اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي، ﺣﻀﻮر ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎي ذﺧﯿﺮهﺳﺎز و اﺟﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻗﯿﻤﺖ ﺗﺴﻮﯾﻪ ﺑﺎزار و در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري ﻣﯽﺷﻮد.

In this paper, a three-level scenario-based framework for determining the optimal strategy and planning of microgrids located in a 118-bus distribution system is presented. This paper considers the uncertai-nties of renewable energy resources, load demand, and the charge / discharge schedule of electric vehicles. In order to increase planning flexibility, the operator will be able to change the flow through the distribution feeder reconfiguration. Also in the proposed model, customers will be able to reduce their costs by participating in a demand response program. In the first level of the proposed model, the bidding strategy of microgrids is determined. In the second level, the market clearing price is determined by the independent system operator and according to the submitted bids. Finally, in the third stage, the problem of final microgrid programming is solved by a participatory game theory method. The proposed model is solved by the CPLEX solver in GAMS software and the results show that the dynamic topology improves the planning flexibility and thus reduces the total operating cost by about 10%. The results also show that the coordination of electric vehicles with scheduling, the presence of storage systems and the implementation of the demand response program leads to a significant reduction in the level of market-clearing price and thus reduce operating costs.