پديد آورندگان :
خواجه حسني، فاطمه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد كرمان - گروه معماري، كرمان، ايران , معيني، مهديه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد كرمان - گروه معماري، كرمان، ايران , بقايي، آژنگ دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد كرمان - گروه معماري، كرمان، ايران , افهمي، رضا داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﺪرس - ﮔﺮوه ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﻨﺮ، ﺗﻬﺮان، اﻳﺮان
كليدواژه :
ﺣﻮاس و ادراك ﭼﻨﺪﺣﺴﻲ , ﺑﺎزار ﺳﻨﺘﻲ ﻛﺮﻣﺎن , ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﺣﺴﻲ , ﻫﻢ اﻓﺰاﻳﻲ ﺣﺴﻲ
چكيده فارسي :
اﻏﻠﺐ در ﻓﻀﺎي ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ، ﺣﺲ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﻳﻲ اﺻﻴﻞ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ادراك ﺣﺴﻲ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد؛ اﻣﺎ در واﻗﻊ، اﻳﻦ ﺗﻔﻮق ﺣﺲ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺣﻮاس دﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪه ﺗﺎ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﻓﻀﺎي ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﺑﺎ درﻛﻲ ﺗﻚ ﺑﻌﺪي و ﺳﻄﺤﻲ از ﻓﻀﺎ ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ ﮔﺮدد و ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ اﺻﻞ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻀﺎ، ﻳﻌﻨﻲ »ﺣﺲ ﺑﻮدن« در ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ را ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻧﻜﻨﺪ و اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻀﺎ را در ﻧﺎرﺳﺎﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ؛ در ﺻﻮرﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﻓﻀﺎي ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﺑﺎزارﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﺘﻲ، ﻏﻨﺎي ﺣﺴﻲ ﻧﻬﺎدﻳﻨﻪ ﺷﺪه در ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﻓﻀﺎ ﺑﺎ اﻳﺠﺎد ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ادراﻛﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎن و ﻫﻢ اﻓﺰاﻳﻲ ﺣﻮاس ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ادراك ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎزار ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد. ﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺎس، اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻗﺼﺪ دارد ﺗﺎ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ »روﻳﻜﺮد ﻣﻨﻈﺮﺳﺎزي ﺣﺴﻲ« ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ »ﻫﻢ اﻓﺰاﻳﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺣﺴﻲ« دﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ؛ ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر، ﺗﻼش ﺑﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ادراك ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎن از ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﭼﻨﺪﺣﺴﻲ در ﺗﻚ ﺗﻚ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺑﺎزار ﺳﻨﺘﻲ ﻛﺮﻣﺎن ﺑﻪ درﻛﻲ روﺷﻦ از ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ »ﻫﻢ اﻓﺰاﻳﻲ ﻣﻨﻈﺮﻫﺎي ﭼﻨﺪﺣﺴﻲ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ادراك ﺣﺴﻲ از ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎزار« دﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ. در اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي و ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ادراك ﭼﻨﺪﺣﺴﻲ، ﻣﻨﻈﺮﻫﺎي ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺣﺴﻲ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ؛ ﺳﭙﺲ در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﻴﺪاﻧﻲ ﺑﺮاي ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ذﻫﻨﻲ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎن از ﻣﻨﻈﺮﻫﺎي ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺣﺴﻲ از اﺑﺰار ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ، ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS 24 و GIS 10.3 و از روشIDW ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ داده ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻲ )UTM( و ﻧﻴﺰ از روش ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎج ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﻫﻢ اﻓﺰاﻳﻲ ﻣﻨﻈﺮﻫﺎي ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺣﺴﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺪت و ﻣﻴﺰان ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬاري ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﺣﺴﻲ در ﺑﺎزار ﺳﻨﺘﻲ ﻛﺮﻣﺎن ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدي ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﻣﺎن ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در ﻛﻨﺎر ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻫﺎي ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ در ﻫﻤﺠﻮاري ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ،ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﺷﺪت ﻫﻢاﻓﺰاﻳﻲ ﺣﺴﻲ در ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎزار ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﻳﻦ اﻣﺮ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺣﺲ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ وﻳﮋهاي ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻣﺘﺎﺛﺮ از ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﺣﺴﻲ در ﺑﺎزار ﺳﻨﺘﻲ ﻛﺮﻣﺎن اﺳﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
Conversion of conceptual model of perception based on synergy of multisensory landscapes in Kerman traditional bazar
Abstract
Problem statement:
all the information we have about our surrounding world is obtained through our senses. The senses inform us of possible risks and provide us the required information for interpreting the events and predicting the future. Also, it is through senses that we feel the joy and pain and recognize colors. All this information helps us to have more complex phenomena like perception and recognition. In fact, without senses these processes won't happen and we won't be able to use our other mental abilities.
In another hand , in the western culture, from historical point of view, vision has been regarded as the most original sensory perception; either in ancient Greece or in Renaissance, with invention of perspective has yet dominated on other human senses. , the architectural experience is multisensory and man doesn't just see the space but smell, hear, touch and even taste it.In his view, all sensory perceptions such as vision have been taken of the tactile sensation and are designated to the skin. All sensory experiences are related to the tactile sensation and this is the body which is located in the center and finally creates a combination of perceptions senses which gives the architecture meaning.
Sense perception, due to presence in the space, is the most important factor of perception of the architecture physical identity. Though, often in the contemporary architecture space, the sense of sight is enumerated as the most original factor of sense perception. But, in reality, this superiority of the sense of sight on other senses has caused the audience of the architectural space faces the one-dimensional and superficial perception and doesn’t experience the main principle of interaction with the space, that is the sense of being in the living environment and receives the sense of agitation and identity perception weakness with the architectural space and the joy of presence and sense of attachment to space in the most inexpressive possible state, while in the architectural space like traditional bazars, the sensory richness institutionalized in the space leads to the perception of the physical identity of various spaces of the bazar through creation of conceptual interaction with the audience and synergy of multiple senses.
According to this, this study aims to identify the synergy of multisensory landscapes through the approach of sensory landscaping approach. For this purpose, through the evaluation of the audiences' perception of multisensory landscapes in each space of Kerman traditional bazar, it seeks to achieve a clear perception of the nature of synergy of multisensory landscapes based on sensory perception of various physical spaces of the bazar and finally based on recognition of the type and rate of effectiveness of sensory landscapes, investigate the multisensory perception.
Research question:
How the synergy of multisensory landscapes is shaped in various architectural frameworks of traditional bazar?
Research objectives:
Evaluation of the audiences' multisensory perception in any of the spaces of Kerman traditional bazars
Research method:
In this study, at first by library studies with the aim of identifying multisensory perception, multisensory landscapes are determined and for evaluation of the audiences mental image of multisensory landscapes in the field studies, the instruments of questionnaire, SPSS software, GIS with IDW method is used for analysis of spatial data (UTM). Analytical-descriptive method is utilized for inference of the quality of synergy of multisensory landscapes.
The most important findings and research conclusion:
Finally, it is concluded that the audience perception in Kerman traditional bazar is multisensory and its reason is existence of sensory landscapes in Kerman traditional bazar in various sections of the bazar and it is shaped through synergy of these sensory landscapes. This sensory synergy due to five senses shapes the sensory richness in the audience. Then, due to the individual features and environmental factors and focusing on memorability and creation of sense of association, mental image is created in the audience and finally causes the creation of the sense of attachment to the place in the audience and as a result leads to the audience multisensory perception in this place.
Keywords: senses, multisensory perception, traditional bazar, sensory landscapes, sensory synergy
