بهبود كيفيت مؤلفه‌هاي نظام آموزش عالي با بهره‌گيري از مدلِ مديريتِ‌دانش (با تأكيد بر فرآيند ياددهي- يادگيري)(مطالعه موردي: دانشگاه فرهنگيان حوزه‌ي جنوب‌شرق كشور)

Improving the quality of higher education system's components using the knowledge management model (emphasizing on learning-teaching) (Case study: Farhangian University in southeast Iran)

داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ردهي ﺻﻔﯽ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر آﻣﻮزش ﻋﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﺸﻮر از ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﻋﻈﯿﻤﯽ ﺑﻪﻧﺎم داﻧﺸـﺠﻮ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردارﻧﺪ؛ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮات و ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ و ﻇﻬﻮر ﺳﺮﯾﻊ داﻧﺶ ﻣﻨﺘﺞ از اﺻﻼح ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷــﯽ، ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷــﺪه اﺳــﺖ ﺿــﺮورت ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺷــﺎﯾﺴــﺘﮕﯽﻫﺎي ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﯾﺎددﻫﯽ- ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﺑﮑﺎرﮔﯿﺮي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷــﯽ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ دوﭼﻨﺪان ﺷــﻮد. در ﺑﺮﺧﻮرد ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺴــﺎﻟﻪ، داﻧﺸــﮕﺎه ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪدﻧﺒﺎل ارﺗﻘﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿـﺖ ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﺪاري ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ و ﭘﺮدازش اﻃﻼ ﻋﺎت و داﻧﺶ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﻫﺴـــﺘﻨﺪ. ﭼﺮا ﮐﻪ داﻧﺶ، ﯾﮏ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ از ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻄﻮر ﻧﺰدﯾﮑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﯾﻦ راﺑﻄـﻪ و ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣـﺪ ﯾﺮﯾﺖداﻧﺶ در ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﯾﺎددﻫﯽ- ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي و ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي ﺳـــﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺘﺎً ارﺗﻘﺎي ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ و ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪي داﻧﺸــﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي دوﻟﺘﯽ ﻣﯽﭘﺮدازد. ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﺤﻮه ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ ﯾﮏ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﻮﺻـﯿﻔﯽ اﺳـﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ روش ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ، ﭘﺮدﯾﺲﻫﺎي داﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯿﺎن ﺣﻮزه ﺟﻨﻮبﺷــﺮق ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷــﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﺳــﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﭘﺮﺳــﺸــﻨﺎﻣﻪ، ﺟﻤﻊآوري دادهﻫﺎ از ﯾﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 265 ﻧﻔﺮ از داﻧﺸــﺠﻮﯾﺎن و ده ﻧﻔﺮ از روءﺳــﺎي داﻧﺸﮕﺎه در10 داﻧﺸﮕﺎه اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻮﺿﯿﺢ و ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﭘﻨﻬﺎن)ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪه( ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي آﺷﮑﺎر )ﺳﻮاﻻت ( و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺸﺎن دادن ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ و دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳـ ﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻋﻠﺖ و ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻟﯽ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ و رواﺑﻂ ﺑﯿﻦ آﻧﻬﺎ از اﻟﮕﻮي ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري SEM)( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻـﻞ از ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸـﺎن داد ﮐﻪ دﺳـﺘﺮﺳﯽ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد و ﺑﻪ اﺷﺘﺮاك ﮔﺬاري داﻧﺶ، ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﯾﺎددﻫﯽ - ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي و ارﺗﻘﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي ﺳـــﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ.

The universities benefit a great human capital that called "student" as a line category in the country's higher education structure; the effects and challenges of delivering the educational program and rapid emerging of knowledge from the educational program reformation have led to double the necessity of developing the competence of teaching-learning process when using the new educational program. In tackling this issue, universities are seeking to improve the quality of learning for the management and processing of new information and knowledge. In dealing with this problem, universities are seeking to promote the quality of learning-centered for managing and processing the new information and knowledge. Because the knowledge is a general resource of human conditions and is closely related to the learning process. This paper investigates this relationship and the role of knowledge management in improving the performance of the learning-teaching process, and organizational learning, and finally promoting the capacity and ability of state universities. This study is a descriptive research in terms of data collection that has been conducted by survey method and cross-sectional reviewing. The population consists of the Farhangian campuses in the southeast region. Data collection was done by questionnaire from a sample of 265 students and 10 university presidents in 10 universities. We use the structural equation modeling (SEM) to explain the hidden variables (unobserved concepts) by explicit variables (questions), as well as show how the variables are linked together and achieve the cause and effect structure of variables and the relationships between them. The results from analyzing the research data show that accessibility, application and knowledge sharing are the effective factors on improving the learning-teaching process and promoting the quality of organizational learning.