مقايسه تاثير سبك ارتباطي و سنتي آموزش زبان انگليسي بر مهارت هاي زبان آموزي دانش آموزان پايه اول متوسطه

Comparing the effect of the communicative and traditional methods of English language teaching on language learning skills (first grade of high school students)

ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺳﺒﮏ ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ و ﺳﻨﺘﯽ آﻣﻮزش زﺑﺎن اﻧﮕﻠﯿﺴﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎي زﺑﺎن آﻣﻮزي داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﺳﺎل اول دﺑﯿﺮﺳﺘﺎن اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﯿﻤﻪﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﭘﯿﺶ آزﻣﻮن-ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﺘﺸﮑﻞ از ﻫﻤﻪي داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﭘﺴﺮ ﺳﺎل اول دﺑﯿﺮﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﻨﻨﺪج در ﺳﺎلﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 1393-94 ﮐﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد آن ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 3200 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻮد. اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ دو ﮐﻼس ﭘﺎﯾﻪ اول ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد 50 ﻧﻔﺮ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮﮔﺰاري ﭘﯿﺶ-آزﻣﻮن و اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن از ﻋﺪم ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺗﻔﺎوتﻫﺎ، ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. اﺑﺰار اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺳﻮاﻻت ﻣﺤﻘﻖﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ رواﯾﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮاﻧﺒﺎخ 86 % ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﻌﺪ از اﺟﺮاي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ آﻣﺪ و دادهﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و ﻧﯿﺰ آزﻣﻮن t ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎي زﺑﺎنآﻣﻮزي ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ )18/42( ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎي زﺑﺎن آﻣﻮزي ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل)15/71( اﺳﺖ و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻣﻬﺎرت ﮔﻔﺘﺎري و ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎري ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ در ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن 4/17 و5 درﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل داراي ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 3/20 و4/62 در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻬﺎرت ﺷﻨﯿﺪاري و ﺧﻮاﻧﺪن ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 4/41 و 4/87و ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 3/42 و4/47 را داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﯽ دﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ 95درﺻﺪ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﮐﻪ آﻣﻮزش درس زﺑﺎن ﺑﺎ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎي زﺑﺎنآﻣﻮزي داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﭘﺎﯾﻪ اول دﺑﯿﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺘﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ.

The main aim of this research is Comparing the effect of the communicative and traditional styles of English language teaching on language learning skills in first grade of high school students .This research is based on the semi-experimental method with control and experimental group by using pretest- posttest patterns. The statistical population included all boy students (3200 students) in first grade of high schools of Sanandaj city in 1393-94. At first by using random sampling method, about 50 students selected as statistical sample. After the pretest and ensuring the insignificance of the differences, the experimental and control groups were formed. The data gathering instrument was researcher made exam whose content validity was determined by experts and its reliability was determined based on Cronbach Alpha 86%.After doing experiment a common post-test was done and data were analysed by descriptive statistic indices and t-test. The result of this research shows that the language learning skills mean score of the experimental group (18/42) is more than the control group (15/71) and the mean score of post-test in speaking and writing skills of experimental group were 4/17, 5. Whereas the control group score were 3/20, 4/62. The mean scores of posttest in listening and reading skills in experimental group were 4/41, 4.87 and the control group score in these skills were 3/42, 4/47. In sum, findings show that English language teaching based on the communicative style has an incredible influence upon the language learning skills of students.