رابطه ويژگي هاي شخصيتي والدين با خوش‌بيني و مهارت‌ ارتباطي دانش آموزان پايه ششم ابتدايي

The relationship between parental personality traits and optimism and communication skills of sixth grade elementary students

ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮش ﺑﯿﻨﯽ و ﻣﻬﺎرت ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺷﺸﻢ اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ ﺑﻮد. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻮد و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ي آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ي داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان ﭘﺴﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ي ﺷﺸﻢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻗﺎﯾﻦ )509 ﻧﻔﺮ( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺧﻮﺷﻪ اي ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﻪ از ﺑﯿﻦ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺷﺸﻢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻞ، ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺟﺪول ﮐﺮﺟﺴﯽ و ﻣﻮرﮔﺎن ﺗﻌﺪاد 200 داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮز ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻬﺎرت ﻫﺎي ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ ﺷﻼﯾﻦ و ﺟﺮاﺑﮏ )2004(، وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ ﻧﺌﻮ ﮐﺎﺳﺘﺎ و ﻣﮏ ﮐﺮا )1983( و ﺧﻮش ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺷﯿﯿﺮ و ﮐﺎرور )1985( اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻻزم ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ و ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎ از رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺑﯿﻦ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ واﻟﺪﯾﻦ، ﺧﻮش ﺑﯿﻨﯽ و ﻣﻬﺎرت ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري وﺟﻮد دارد در ﺿﻤﻦ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻗﻮي ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻮش ﺑﯿﻨﯽ و ﻣﻬﺎرت ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارﺗﻘﺎء و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼت ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﯽ و راﺑﻄﮥ واﻟﺪ ـ ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ داد و از ﺑﻪ وﺟﻮد آﻣﺪن ﺑﺪﺑﯿﻨﯽ و اﺛﺮات ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯽ آن در ﻧﻮﺟﻮاﻧﺎن ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ آورد.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between parental personality traits and optimism and communication skills of sixth grade elementary students. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population of this study included all male students of the sixth grade of elementary school in Qaen (509 people). In this study, multi-stage cluster sampling was used. Among the sixth grade students in the primary school, 200 students were randomly selected using the Karajsi and Morgan tables. Using the Schlein and Jarabak Communication Skills Questionnaire (2004), the personality traits of Neo Costa and McCra (1983) and the optimism of Shearer and Carver (1985), the necessary information was collected and multiple regression was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between parents 'personality traits, optimism and students' communication skills. In addition, all the components of parental personality traits are strong predictors of students' optimism and communication skills. Therefore, in order to promote and improve family interactions and parent-child relationships, special educational programs should be organized to prevent pessimism and its side effects in adolescents. The relationship between parental personality traits and optimism and communication skills of sixth grade elementary students