تحليل محتواي توصيفي تصاويركتب علوم تجربي دوره ابتدايي براساس معيار عدالت جنسيتي

Descriptive content analysis of the picturess in elementary school textbooks based on gender justice criteria

در ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺎن اﺧﯿﺮ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮاﺗﯽ ﻣﻬﻢ در ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺐ درﺳﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ و ﻣﺤﺘـﻮاي آن ﻫـﺎ ﺑـﺎزﻧﮕﺮي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻫﺪف ﺧﻮد را ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎزﻧﻤﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ در ﮐﺘﺐ درﺳﯽ ﻋﻠﻮم ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ اول ﺗﺎ ﺷﺸﻢ اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ )98-99( ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﮐﺮده اﺳـﺖ و ﺑـﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﻣﯿـﺰان ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﻋـﺪاﻟﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﮑﯿﮏ ﻫﺮدو ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺑﺮاﺑـﺮي ﺗﻌـﺪاد ﺗﺼـﺎوﯾﺮ داراي دﺧﺘـﺮ و ﭘﺴـﺮ و ﻧﯿـﺰ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮي ﺗﻌﺪاد دﺧﺘﺮان و ﭘﺴﺮان در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﮐﺘﺐ ﻋﻠﻮم دوره اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ، ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﺳـﺖ . روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺖ. روش ﺟﻤﻊ آوري داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﻤﯽ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ داراي داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮز در ﮐﺘﺐ ﻣﺬﮐﻮراﺳﺖ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺑﺮاﺑـﺮ ﺑـﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﻌـﻪ آﻣﺎري در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﺑـﺰار ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﻓـﺮم ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ ﻣﺤﺘـﻮاي ﺗﻮﺻـﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺼـﺎوﯾﺮ اﺳـﺖ . داده ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮﮐﺘﺐ ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒـﺎ ﯾﮑﺴـﺎن ﺑـﻪ ﺟﻨﺴـﯿﺖ دﺧﺘﺮ و ﭘﺴﺮ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و ﺗﺒﻌﯿﺾ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸـﺪ . ﻧﺘـﺎﯾﺞ اﯾـﻦ ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت از ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ اﺳﺖ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ در ﮐﺘﺐ ﻋﻠﻮم ﺗﺠﺮﺑـﯽ ﺷـﺶ ﭘﺎﯾـﻪ دوره اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ در ﺳﺎل98-99 ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ رﻋﺎﯾﺖ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

In recent years, significant changes have been made in compilation of textbooks and their contents have been reviewed. the present study focuses on the representation of gender justice in the textbooks of the first to sixth grade science textbooks (1398-99), and the amount of attention to gender justice has been studied on the basis of equality of the number of picturess with girls and boys and also the equality of girls and boys in total picturess of primary school science books. The method of the present study is descriptive content analysis. The method of data collection was quantitative. The statistical population includes pictures with students in the mentioned books. The statistical sample is considered equal to the statistical population. The research tool is a form of descriptive content analysis of picturess. The data of the research indicate that the pictures of the mentioned books deal with the gender of girls and boys almost equally and no significant gender discrimination was observed. The results of this study are different from the results of the background; therefore, gender justice has been observed more in the six-grade experimental science textbooks in elementary school in 1398-99.