پيشگيري از وقوع جرم با محوريت جرم يابي نوين

Crime prevention with a focus on modern crime detection

ﮔﺴﺘﺮش اﻧـﻮاع ﺑـﺰه ﮐـﺎري در اﺷـﮑﺎل ﮔﻮﻧـﺎﮔﻮن ، ﭘﯿﭽﯿـ ﺪﮔﯽ ﻫـ ﺎي ﻣﺴـ ﯿﺮ ﮐﺸـﻒ ﺟـﺮم، ﻟـﺰوم ﺗﺴـﺮ ﯾﻊ در دﺳــﺘﮕﯿﺮي ﻣﺠــﺮﻣﯿﻦ و ﺗﺤﻘــﻖ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨــﺪ دادرﺳــﯽ ﮐﯿﻔــﺮي و ﺗــﺄﺛﯿﺮ آن در ﮐــﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯿــﺰان وﻗــﻮع ﺟــﺮاﺋﻢ در ﺣﯿﻄــﻪ ﺟــﺮم ﯾــﺎﺑﯽ؛ ﺑﺎﻋــﺚ ﻃــﺮح راه ﮐﺎرﻫــﺎي ﻋﻠﻤــﯽ ﻣﺘﻌــﺪد و ﻣﺘﻨــﻮﻋﯽ ﺟﻬــﺖ ﮐﺸــﻒ ﺟــﺮم ﺷــﺪه اﺳــﺖ. ﭘــﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ ﺑــﺎ ﻫــﺪف ﺗﺒﯿــﯿﻦ اﻧــﻮاع روش ﻫــﺎي ﻧــﻮﯾﻦ ﮐﺸــﻒ ﺟــﺮم و ﺗــﺄﺛﯿﺮ آن در ﻓﺮاﯾﻨــﺪ ﭘﯿﺶ ﮔﯿﺮي از ﺟﺮم ﺑـﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿـﺪ ﺑـﺮ ﺗﻔﺴـﯿﺮ ﺟﺎﯾﮕـﺎه ﺟـﺮم ﯾـ ﺎﺑﯽ ﻧـﻮﯾﻦ در ﻧﻈـﺎم ﺣﻘـﻮﻗﯽ اﺳـﻼم ﻣـ ﯽ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ . روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠـﯽ ﺗﻮﺻـﯿﻔﯽ ، ﮔـ ﺮدآوري اﻃﻼﻋـﺎت ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﯿﻮه ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧـﻪ اي و ﻣﯿـﺪاﻧﯽ اﺳـﺖ . در ﺑﺨﺶ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫـﺎي ﻣﯿـﺪاﻧﯽ ، ﺟﺎﻣﻌـﻪ آﻣـﺎري اﯾـﻦ ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨـﺎن ﭘﻠـﯿﺲ آﮔـﺎﻫﯽ اﺳـﺘﺎن ﭼﻬﺎرﻣﺤـﺎل و ﺑﺨﺘﯿـﺎري ﺑــﻮده ﮐـﻪ ﺑــﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﺮﻣــﻮل ﮐـﻮﮐﺮان ﺗﻌــﺪاد 160 ﻧﻔـﺮ از آن ﻫــﺎ ﺑـ ﻪ ﻋﻨــﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ آﻣـﺎري ﺗﻌﯿـﯿﻦ ﺷـﺪه و از ﻃﺮﯾـﻖ ﭘﺮﺳـﺶ ﻧﺎﻣـﻪ )ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ 24 ﺳـﺆال در ﭼﻬـﺎرﺑﺨﺶ( ﻣـﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻔﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از اﯾـﻦ اﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻤـﯽ ﮐﺸـﻒ ﺟـﺮم )در ﺻـﻮرﺗﯽ ﮐـﻪ ﻣﻨﺠـﺮ ﺑـﻪ ﻧﻘـﺾ ﺣــﺮﯾﻢ ﺧﺼـﻮص ﺷــﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﻧﺸـﻮد ( در ﭘــﯿﺶ ﮔﯿـﺮي از ﺟــﺮاﺋﻢ ﻧﻘـﺶ دارد ؛ ﻫــﻢ ﭼﻨـﯿﻦ ﻣﯿــﺎن روش ﻫﺎي ﻧﻮﯾﻦ ﮐﺸـﻒ ﺟـﺮاﺋﻢ ﻓﻀـﺎي ﺳـﺎﯾﺒﺮ ، روش ﻫـﺎي ﻧـﻮﯾﻦ ﮐﺸـﻒ ﺟـﺮم از ﻃﺮﯾـﻖ ﺳﯿﺴـﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﯿـﯿﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻐﯿــﺖ ﺟﻬــﺎﻧﯽ )ﺟــﯽ ﭘــﯽ اس( و ﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ اﻃﻼﻋــﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿــﺎﯾﯽ )ﺟــﯽ آي اس( و روش ﻫــﺎي ﻧــﻮﯾﻦ ﮐﺸــﻒ ﺟــﺮم از ﻃﺮﯾــﻖ داده ﻫــﺎي ژﻧﺘﯿﮑــﯽ )دي ان اي( و ﻧﻘــﺶ آن در ﭘــﯿﺶ ﮔﯿــﺮي از ﺟــﺮم راﺑﻄــﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد دارد.

The spread of various crimes in various forms, the complexities of the crime detection process, the need to expedite the arrest of criminals and the realization of the criminal proceedings and its effect on reducing the incidence of crimes in the field of crime; It has led to the development of numerous and diverse scientific solutions to detect crime. The aim of this study is to explain the new methods of crime detection and its impact on the crime prevention process with emphasis on the interpretation of the position of modern crime detection in the Islamic legal system. The research method of this descriptive-analytical research is data collection in a library and field method. In the field research section, the statistical population of this study included the police officers of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. Using Cochran's formula, 160 of them were selected as a statistical sample and studied through a questionnaire (including 24 questions in four sections). The results of the research indicate that the scientific development of crime detection (if it does not lead to the violation of citizens' privacy) has a role in crime prevention; Also among the new methods of detecting cybercrime, new methods of detecting crime through the Global Positioning System (GPS) and the Geographic Information System (GPS) and new methods of detecting crime through genetic data (D There is a significant relationship between crime and its role in crime prevention.