ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ در ﮐﻼﻧﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردي: ﮐﻼﻧﺸﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ

Measuring the quality of urban spaces with the approach of gender justice in metropolices Case Study: Tabriz Metropolis

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﺣﻀﻮر زﻧﺎن و ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ آﻧﺎن در ﺷﮑﻞدﻫﯽ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي اﻣﺮوزي، ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪاي ﻣﻬﻢ و ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﯽ-ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. از ﻃﺮﻓﯽ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ و ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ در ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪ راﻧﺪه ﺷﺪه، اﺳﺖ. ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎي رﻋﺎﯾﺖ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ زﻧﺎن و ﻣﺮدان در دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﮥ اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪاي ﮐﻪ در ﺣﻖ ﻫﯿﭻ ﮐﺪام اﺟﺤﺎﻓﯽ ﻧﺸﻮد. از اﯾﻦ رو ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪاي و ﻫﻢﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻣﻄﺮح ﺷﺪه در اﯾﻦ ﺧﺼﻮص، ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي و رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زﻧﺎن از آنﻫﺎ را در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ ﺳﻨﺠﯿﺪهاﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﭘﺲ از ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ زﻧﺎن، ﺟﻬﺖ اﺧﺘﺼﺎص اوزان ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از آن-ﻫﺎ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ زوﺟﯽ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ روش ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪﻣﺮاﺗﺒﯽ AHPﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. در اداﻣﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺪلﻫﺎي وﯾﮑﻮر و اﻟﮑﺘﺮ رﺗﺒﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑــــﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﻫﺮ دو ﻣﺪل، از ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ ﮐﭗﻟﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑـــــﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 4 و 1 ﮐﻪ ﺟﺰ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﺎ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ از ﻧﻈﺮ رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زﻧﺎن از ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي ﻧﯿﺰ در رﺗﺒﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ و ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ 9 و 5در رﺗﺒﻪﻫﺎي آﺧﺮ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ و وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ را ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ-ﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي و رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زﻧﺎن ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﺳﮑﺎنﻫﺎن ﻏﯿﺮ رﺳﻤﯽ و ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪﻧﺸﯿﻨﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ؛ و ﺑﺎﻧﻮاﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪاي ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ رﺿﺎﯾﺖ را از ﺧﺪﻣﺎت و ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي دارﻧﺪ.

The presence of women and explanation of their role in formation of today's urban spaces is an important and fundamental issue. On the other hand, gender and gender justice in urban spaces is an issue that is often marginalized. Gender justice means respecting the proportion of women and men in access to all cultural, social and economic facilities so that none of them is extorted. Therefore, the authors of the present article, using theoretical issues and also the most important indicators raised in this regard, have evaluated the quality of urban spaces and women's satisfaction of these spaces in different areas of Tabriz. In this study, after identifying the effective criteria in women's quality of life, in order to assign weights to each of them, a pair wise comparison of criteria was performed by AHP hierarchical method. Then, the areas of Tabriz were ranked using Vicor and Electr models, and to combine the results obtained from both models, the Capland technique was used that the obtained results show that, regions 4 and 1, which are among the regions with better quality of life in Tabriz, are also in the first ranks in terms of women's satisfaction with urban spaces, and regions 9 and 5 are in the last ranks and do not have a suitable situation in terms of quality indicators of urban spaces and women's satisfaction, that most of the informal and marginal settlements are settled in these areas; an‎d women who are located in these marginal areas have the least satisfaction with urban services and spaces.