كليدواژه :
دﯾﻦ و ﻣﻌﻨﻮﯾﺖ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ , ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ دﯾﻨﯽ , ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ دﯾﻦ , ﺤﻠﯿﻞ و اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎج ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ
چكيده فارسي :
ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﮥ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت دﯾﻨﯽ در اﯾﺮان ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ، ﺑﺪون ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﺟﺪﯾﺪ دﯾﻨﯽ در ﺟﻬﺎن ﻧﺎﻗﺺ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻮﻻت دﯾﻨﯽ در دﻧﯿﺎي ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ دﯾﻦ ﻫﺎ و ﻣﻌﻨﻮﯾﺖﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﯾﺪ و از ﭼﺸﻢاﻧﺪازي ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ اﺻﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ آﺳﺎن ﮔﺮدد؛ ﻣﺴﯿﺮي ﮐﻪ ﺧﻮاه ﻧﺎﺧﻮاه ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮات ﺧﻮد را ﺑﺮ روﻧﺪﻫﺎي داﺧﻠﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮔﺬاﺷﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﺟﺎ، ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روشِ ﻓﺮاﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ، ﯾﻌﻨﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎج ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ از ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ و داﻧﺶ ﮔﺮدآﻣﺪه در ﻗﻠﻤﺮو داﻧﺶ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ دﯾﻦ، ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ و داﺧﻠﯽ، وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﻧﻮﭘﺪﯾﺪ دﯾﻨﯽ و روﻧﺪ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ آنﻫﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از اﯾﻦ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎ ﻋﺒﺎرت ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ از ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻏﯿﺮ ﺟﺰماﻧﺪﯾﺶ و ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان زﯾﺎدي، ﻧﺎﻣﻨﻈﻢ و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻧﺎﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ، ﺗﺠﺮﺑﮥ ﺷﺨﺼﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ادﻋﺎﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺣﻘﯿﻘﺖ، ﺗﺼﻮر دﯾﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﻧﻈﺎم ﺧﻮدﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮي 3، اﺻﻞ رﺳﺘﮕﺎري ﯾﺎ رﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺪون واﺳﻄﻪﮔﺮي، ﻋﻀﻮﯾﺖ ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻪ، و ﻫﺪفِ رﻫﺎﺳﺎزي اﻧﺴﺎن، ﯾﺎ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺧﻮدﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ادراك ﺧﻮد ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از ﺧﻮد ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ )ﮐﻠﯽ( اﺳﺖ و ﯾﺎ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺧﻮددﮔﺮﺳﺎزي از راه دﮔﺮﮔﻮن ﺳﺎزي ﺟﻬﺎن، ﭼﻨﺎن ﭼﻪ در ﻣﻌﻨﻮﯾﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﻬﺪ وﺟﻮد دارد.
چكيده لاتين :
It is an imperfect inquiry to study religious changes in contemporary Iran without considering new religious movements in the world. In this essay, the most important characteristics of religious developments in contemporary world are studied from a global perspective in order to recognize the main trend of these changes that, will have its effects on domestic trends as well. Here, using the method of logical analysis of and inference from knowledge gathered in the realm of sociology of religion (Foreign and domestic sources), the characteristics of new religious movements and their possible trends are identified. Some of these characteristics include: the proliferation of movements that are undogmatic, unregulated and unstructured, personal experience as the measure of truth claims, the notion of religion as a self-revising system, the principle of salvation without intermediaries, multiple membership, and the goal of liberating humanity, either through self-knowledge, which includes understanding the self as part of the universal Self, or through self-transformation through transformation of the world, as in engaged spiritualties.
