پديد آورندگان :
ﺣﺎﺟﯽ ﺣﺴﻨﯽ، ﻣﻬﺮداد داﻧﺸــﮕﺎه ﺷــﻬﺮﮐﺮد - داﻧﺸــﮑﺪه ادﺑﯿــﺎت و ﻋﻠــﻮم اﻧﺴــﺎﻧﯽ - ﮔــﺮوه ﻣﺸــﺎوره، ﺷــﻬﺮﮐﺮد، اﯾــﺮان , ﮐﺎوه، ﻣﻨﯿﮋه داﻧﺸــﮕﺎه ﺷــﻬﺮﮐﺮد - داﻧﺸــﮑﺪه ادﺑﯿــﺎت و ﻋﻠــﻮم اﻧﺴــﺎﻧﯽ - ﮔــﺮوه ﻣﺸــﺎوره، ﺷــﻬﺮﮐﺮد، اﯾــﺮان , اﺧﺘﯿﺎري اﻣﯿﺮي، راﺿﯿﻪ داﻧﺸـــــﮕﺎه ﻣﺎزﻧـــــﺪارن - ﻣﺮﮐـــــﺰ ﻣﺸـــــﺎوره، ﺑﺎﺑﻠﺴـــــﺮ، ﻣﺎزﻧـــــﺪران، اﯾـــــﺮان
چكيده فارسي :
ﺷـﯿﻮع رﻓﺘﺎرﻫــﺎي ﭘﺮﺧﻄــﺮ در ﺟﻮاﻧــﺎن ﺑـﻪ ﯾﮑــﯽ از ﻣﻬــﻢ ﺗــﺮﯾﻦ و ﮔﺴــﺘﺮده ﺗـﺮﯾﻦ دل ﻧﮕﺮاﻧــﯽ ﻫــﺎي ﺟﻮاﻣــﻊ ﺑﺸــﺮي ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﺑـﺮاي ﺑﻌﻀـﯽ از ﻣـﺮگ و ﻣﯿـﺮ ﻫـﺎ در ﺟﻮاﻧـﺎن ﺑـﻮده و اﺛـﺮات ﻣﻨﻔـﯽ ﺑـﺮاي ﺟﺎﻣﻌـﻪ دارد. ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ ﺑـﺎ ﻫــﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﻣﯿــﺰان ﮔـﺮاﯾﺶ ﺑــﻪ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫـﺎي ﭘﺮﺧﻄــﺮ و ﻋﻠـﻞ ﻣــﺆﺛﺮ ﺑـﺮ آن در ﺑــﯿﻦ ﺟﻮاﻧــﺎن اﺳﺘﺎن ﭼﻬﺎرﻣﺤﺎل و ﺑﺨﺘﯿﺎري اﻧﺠـﺎم ﺷـﺪ . در اﯾـﻦ ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ از روش ﺷﻨﺎﺳـﯽ دﻟﻔـﯽ ﺑـﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣـﻞ ﻣـﺆﺛﺮ ﺑـﺮ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﭘﺮﺧﻄﺮ و از روش زﻣﯿﻨـﻪ ﯾـﺎﺑﯽ ﺑـﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﻣﯿـﺰان ﺷـﯿﻮع و ﮔـﺮاﯾﺶ ﺑـﻪ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫـﺎي ﭘﺮﺧﻄـﺮ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. در ﺑﺨﺶ دﻟﻔﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿـ ﺮي ﻫـﺪف ﻣﻨـﺪ از 5 ﻣﺘﺨﺼـﺺ ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﺷـﺪ و در ﺑﺨـﺶ زﻣﯿﻨــﻪ ﯾــﺎﺑﯽ ﻧﯿــﺰ 400 ﻧﻔــﺮ از ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺘﺎن ﻫــﺎي اﺳــﺘﺎن ﭼﻬﺎرﻣﺤــﺎل و ﺑﺨﺘﯿــﺎري اﻧﺘﺨــﺎب ﺷــﺪﻧﺪ. در ﺑﺨــﺶ دﻟﻔــﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻤـﻊ آوري داده ﻫـﺎ در ﭼﻬـﺎر ﻣﺮﺣﻠـﻪ از ﻃﺮﯾـﻖ ﭘﺮﺳـﺶ ﻧﺎﻣـﻪ اﻧﺠـﺎم ﮔﺮﻓـﺖ و ﺑـﺮاي ﺑـﺮآورد ﻣﯿـﺰان ﺷـﯿﻮع رﻓﺘﺎرﻫـﺎي ﭘﺮﺧﻄــﺮ ﻧﯿــﺰ از ﻣﻘﯿـﺎس ﺳــﻨﺠﺶ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫــﺎي ﭘـﺮ ﺧﻄــﺮ ﺟﻮاﻧــﺎن )1989( اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﺷــﺪ. ﺑــﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﯿــﻞ داده ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﺷـﺎﺧﺺ ﻫـﺎي آﻣـﺎر ﺗﻮﺻـﯿﻔﯽ )ﻣﯿـﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ، اﻧﺤـﺮاف اﺳـﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ، ﻓﺮاواﻧـﯽ و ﻓﺮاواﻧـﯽ درﺻـﺪي( و آﻣﺎر اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ )ﻫﻢ ﺑﺴـﺘﮕﯽ و آزﻣـﻮن T ﻣﺴـﺘﻘﻞ( اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﺷـﺪ . ﻧﺘـ ﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸـﺎن داد ﺷـﯿﻮع رﻓﺘﺎرﻫـﺎي ﭘﺮﺧﻄـﺮ در ﻣﺆﻟﻔــﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿــﺖ ﻫــﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑــﯽ ﻧﺎﮐــﺎﻓﯽ 94/2 درﺻــﺪ، ﻣﺼــﺮف ﻣــﻮاد و ﻣﺸــﺮوﺑﺎت اﻟﮑﻠــﯽ 14/8 درﺻــﺪ، ﻣﺼــﺮف ﺳﯿﮕﺎر 14/0 درﺻﺪ، رﻓﺘﺎرﻫـﺎي ﺟﻨﺴـﯽ ﭘﺮﺧﻄـﺮ 6/8 درﺻـﺪ، و ﺻـﺪﻣ ﻪ و ﺟﺮاﺣـﺎت ﻏﯿـﺮ ﻋﻤـﺪ 5/2 درﺻـﺪ اﺳـﺖ. ﻃﺒـﻖ دﯾـﺪﮔﺎه ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼـﺎن در ﻣﺮﺣﻠـﻪ 4 روش دﻟﻔـﯽ ﻧﯿـﺰ 7 ﻋﺎﻣـﻞ ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮان ﻋﻮاﻣـﻞ ﻣـﺆﺛﺮ ﺑـﺮ اﻧﺠـﺎم رﻓﺘﺎرﻫـﺎي ﭘﺮﺧﻄﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮاﻓـﻖ اﻋﻀـﺎء ﻗـﺮار ﮔﺮﻓـﺖ. اﯾـﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣـﻞ ﻋﺒـﺎرت ﻫﺴـﺘﻨﺪ از: ﻋﻮاﻣـﻞ ﻣـﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑـﺎ ﺧـﺎﻧﻮاده، دوﺳـﺘﺎن، اﺧــﺘﻼﻻت روان ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ، ﻋﻮاﻣــﻞ ﻫﯿﺠــﺎﻧﯽ، وﺟــﻮد آﺳــﯿﺐ ﻫــﺎي روان ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ در ﮐــﻮدﮐﯽ، ﺑﯿﮑــﺎري و اﻋﺘﯿــﺎد. ﭘﯿﺸــﻨﻬﺎد ﻣــﯽ ﺷــﻮد ﺑــﺎ ﺗﻮﺟــﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﯿــﺰان ﺷــﯿﻮع ﻣﺆﻟﻔــﻪ ﻫــﺎي رﻓﺘﺎرﻫــﺎي ﭘﺮﺧﻄــﺮ در ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺘﺎن ﻫــﺎي اﺳــﺘﺎن، ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺶ ﮔﯿﺮاﻧﻪ ﻣﺆﺛﺮي در ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﯾﻦ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و اﺟﺮا ﺷﻮد.
چكيده لاتين :
The aim of this study was to investigate the tendency to high-risk behaviors and the causes affecting it among the youth of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. In this study, Delphi methodology was used to investigate the factors affecting high-risk behaviors and Survey method was used to investigate the prevalence and tendency to high-risk behaviors. In Delphi section, 5 experts were used as a sample by purposive sampling method and in the field survey section, 400 people from Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province were selected. In the Delphi section, data collection was done in four stages through a questionnaire and to estimate the prevalence of high-risk behaviors, the risky youth behaviors scale (1989) was used. To analyze the research data, descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency and frequency) and inferential statistics (correlation and independent t-test) were used.The results showed that the prevalence of high-risk behaviors in the component of inadequate physical activity was 94.2%, drug and alcohol use was 14.8%, smoking was 0.14%, high-risk sexual behaviors was 6.8%, and unintentional injuries were 5%. According to the experts, in stage 4 of the Delphi method, 7 factors were agreed upon by the members as effective factors on performing high-risk behaviors. These factors include: factors related to family, friends, psychological disorders, emotional factors, and the presence of psychological trauma in childhood, unemployment and addiction.It is suggested that considering the prevalence of components of high-risk behaviors in the cities of the province, effective prevention programs be designed and implemented to reduce these behaviors.
