تأثير دانستني‌هاي انتظامي شهروندان در پيش‌گيري از جرم (مورد مطالعه: شهركرد)

The Impact of Citizens' Disciplinary Knowledge on Crime Prevention (case Study: Shahrekord city)

ﺟـﺮم ﯾــﮏ ﭘﺪﯾــﺪه اﺟﺘﻤــﺎﻋﯽ اﺳــﺖ و ﺗﺤــﺖ ﺗــﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺆﻟﻔــﻪ ﻫــﺎي اﺟﺘﻤــﺎﻋﯽ ﻗــﺮار دارد. اﯾــﻦ ﭘــﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑــﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ داﻧﺴﺘﻨﯽ ﻫـﺎي اﻧﺘﻈـﺎﻣﯽ ﺷـﻬﺮوﻧﺪان در ﭘـﯿﺶ ﮔﯿـﺮي از ﺟـﺮم در ﺷـﻬﺮ ﺷـﻬﺮﮐﺮد اﻧﺠـﺎم ﺷـﺪ . ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ از ﻧﻈـﺮ ﻫـﺪف ، ﮐـﺎرﺑﺮدي، از ﻧﻈـﺮ روش ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﯿﻮه ﺗﻮﺻـﯿﻔﯽ و ﺑـﻪ ﻟﺤـﺎظ ﺷـﯿﻮه ﺟﻤــﻊ آوري اﻃﻼﻋــﺎت در زﻣــﺮه ﭘــﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫــﺎي ﻣﯿــﺪاﻧﯽ )ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸــﯽ( اﺳــﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌــﮥ آﻣــﺎري در اﯾــﻦ ﭘــﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻤــﺎﻣﯽ ﺷــﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﺑــﺎﻻي 18 ﺳــﺎل ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺷــﻬﺮﮐﺮد ﺑــﻪ ﺗﻌــﺪاد 154120 ﻧﻔــﺮ ﺑــﻮد و ﺗﻌــﺪاد ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ آﻣـﺎري 383 ﻧﻔـﺮ ﺗﻌﯿـﯿﻦ ﺷـﺪ . ﺑـﺮاي ﺟﻤـﻊ آوري اﻃﻼﻋـﺎت از ﭘﺮﺳـﺶ ﻧﺎﻣـﻪ ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﮔﺮﺳـﺎﺧﺘﻪ و ﺑﺎ 31 ﮔﻮﯾﻪ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﺷـﺪ . ﺑـﺮاي ﺗﻌﯿـﯿﻦ رواﯾـﯽ اﺑـﺰار از رواﯾـﯽ ﺻـﻮري و ﭘﺎﯾـﺎﯾﯽ اﺑـﺰار ﭘﺮﺳـﺶ ﻧﺎﻣـﻪ ﺑـﺎ اﺳــﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣــﻮن آﻟﻔــﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒــﺎخ 0/79 ﻣﺤﺎﺳــﺒﻪ ﺗﺠﺰﯾــﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿــﻞ داده ﻫــﺎ ﺑــﺎ اﺳــﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧــﺮم اﻓــﺰار اس ﭘﯽ اس اس ﺻـﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓـﺖ و ﺑـﺮ اي ﺗﺠﺰﯾـﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ داده ﻫـ ﺎ از آﻣـﺎر ﺗﻮﺻـ ﯿﻔﯽ و اﺳـﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﺷــﺪ. ﺑﺮرﺳــﯽ ﻓﺮﺿــﯿﻪ ﻫــﺎ ﻧﺸــﺎن داد در ﻓﺮﺿــﯿﻪ ﮐﻠــﯽ ﺑــﯿﻦ داﻧﺴــﺘﻨﯽ ﻫــﺎي اﻧﺘﻈــﺎﻣﯽ ﺷــﻬﺮوﻧﺪان و ﭘﯿﺶ ﮔﯿـﺮي از ﺟـﺮم ﺑـﺎ ﻣﻘـﺪار ﻫـﻢ ﺑﺴـﺘﮕﯽ 0/345 و در ﺳـﺎﯾﺮ ﻓﺮﺿـﯿﻪ اﻓـﺰاﯾﺶ زﺣﻤـﺖ ﺑـﺮاي 0/368، اﻓــﺰاﯾﺶ ﺧﻄــﺮ ﺑــﺮاي ﻣﺠﺮﻣــﺎن 0/231، ﮐــﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻨــﺎﻓﻊ ﻣﺠﺮﻣــﺎن 0/458، ﺗﺤﺮﯾــﮏ ﻣﺠﺮﻣــﺎن ﺑــﺎ ﻣﻘــﺪار 0/316-، ﮐــﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﻬﺎﻧــﻪ ﺑــﺮاي ﻣﺠﺮﻣــﺎن 0/278-، ﭘــﯿﺶ ﮔﯿــﺮي رﺷــﺪﻣﺪار 0/316، و ﭘــﯿﺶ ﮔﯿــﺮي ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣـﺪار از ﺟـﺮم ﺑـﺎ ﻣﻘـﺪار 0/19 راﺑﻄـﻪ وﺟـﻮد دارد. ﻧﺘـﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸـﺎن داد ﺗﻘﻮﯾـﺖ آﻣـﻮزش ﻫﻤﮕـﺎﻧﯽ و در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ارﺗﻘﺎء داﻧﺴﺘﻨﯽ ﻫﺎ و داﻧﺶ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﭘﯿﺶ ﮔﯿﺮي از ﺟﺮم ﻣﺆﺛﺮ واﻗﻊ ﺷﻮد.

Crime is a social phenomenon and is influenced by social components. This study was conducted with the aim of the effect of citizens' disciplinary knowledge on crime prevention in Shahrekord. The present research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive in terms of research method and field research (survey) in terms of data collection method. The statistical population in this study was 154120 all citizens over 18 years old in Shahrekord and the number of statistical sample was 383 people. A researcher-made questionnaire with 31 items was used to collect information. To determine the validity of the instrument, the face validity and reliability of the questionnaire were calculated using Cronbach's alpha test of 0.79. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Examination of the hypotheses showed that in the general hypothesis between citizens' disciplinary knowledge and crime prevention with a correlation value of 0.345 and in other hypotheses increased effort for 0.368, increased risk for criminals 0.231, decreased criminal interests 0.458, incited criminals by -0.316, decreased There is an excuse for criminals of -0.278, growth prevention of 0.316, and community prevention of crime with a value of 0.19. The results showed that strengthening public education and thus improving the knowledge of citizens can be effective in crime prevention.