كليدواژه :
ﭘﻬﻨﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺳﯿﻞ , زﯾﺮ ﺣﻮﺿﻪ ﻗﺎﺳﻤﻠﻮ , درﯾﺎﭼﻪ اروﻣﯿﻪ , ANP
چكيده فارسي :
ﺳﯿﻼب، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﭘﺪﯾﺪهﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه و ﻣﺨﺮب ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺧﺴﺎرتﻫﺎي ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ را ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل دارد. ﭘﻬﻨﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ ﺳﯿﻞﺧﯿﺰي ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎي ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﮐﺎرﻫﺎ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻄﺮات ﺳﯿﻞ و ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از وﻗﻮع آن اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ زﯾﺮﺣﻮﺿﻪ آﺑﺨﯿﺰ ﻗﺎﺳﻤﻠﻮ واﻗﻊ در ﺣﻮﺿﻪ آﺑﺮﯾﺰ دزﯾﺎﭼﻪ اروﻣﯿﻪ در اﺳﺘﺎن آذرﺑﺎﯾﺠﺎن ﻏﺮﺑﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻫﺸﺖ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ: ﺷﯿﺐ،ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ،ارﺗﻔﺎع، ﺑﺎرش، ﺟﻬﺖ ﺷﯿﺐ ، ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ از رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ،ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي اراﺿﯽ و زﻣﯿﻦ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻫﺴﺖ. ﻻﯾﻪﻫﺎي اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ در ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار ARC GIS و ENVI ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺮاي وزندﻫﯽ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ در راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻄﺮ وﻗﻮع ﺳﯿﻼب از ﻣﺪل ANP اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﺧﻄﺮ وﻗﻮع ﺳﯿﻼب ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎرش ﺑﺎ 0/49665 درﺻﺪ، ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ از رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ 0/20516 و ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺎ 0/17956درﺻﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل زﯾﺎدي ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان و ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﺗﺨﻠﯿﻪي رواﻧﺎب از ﺳﻄﺢ ﺣﻮﺿﻪ دارﻧﺪ، از ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان اﻫﻤﯿﺖ و ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﯿﺐ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي اراﺿﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ 0/00727 و 0/00856 درﺻﺪ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان اﺛﺮﮔﺬاري را دارﻧﺪ. ﺣﻮﺿﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ ﭘﻬﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ ﺳﯿﻞﺧﯿﺰي ﺑﻪ 5 ﮐﻼس ،ﺧﯿﻠﯽ زﯾﺎد، زﯾﺎد، ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ، ﮐﻢ و ﺧﯿﻠﯽ ﮐﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻌﺪاد ﺳﯿﻞ ﺧﯿﺰي ﺧﯿﻠﯽ زﯾﺎد و زﯾﺎد ، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 22/31 ،0/51 درﺻﺪ و ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻌﺪاد ﺳﯿﻞﺧﯿﺰي ﺧﯿﻠﯽ ﮐﻢ و ﮐﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 21/72، 0/73 درﺻﺪ از ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ زﯾﺮﺣﻮﺿﻪ را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داده اﻧﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
Flood is one of the most complex and destructive natural phenomena that causes many damages each year. The zoning of flood potential as classified maps is one of the most important tasks in reducing flood risks and preventing it.The area under study is Ghasemlou watershed located in the watershed of Lake Urmia in West Azarbaijan province. The variables studied are eight parameters that include: slope, vegetation density, elevation, precipitation, direction of gradient, distance from the harbor, geology land use. The information layers are provided in the ARC GIS and ENVI software and ANP model has been used to weigh the variables in relation to the risk of flood events.The results show that in relation to the risk of flood, the factor of precipitation was 0.49665%, the distance from the river with 0.20516 and vegetation factor with 0.17956%, due to the large amount of control on the amount and how to discharge the runoff from the surface The basins are of the highest importance and impactand slop factor and land use have the lowest impact level of 0.00727 and 0.00856%, respectively.The studied basin is divided into 5 classes, very high, medium, low and very low, with very high and very high flood potential, respectively, 0.51, 22.31%, and very low and low flood talents of the region were 21.72%, 0.73% of the sub-basin area respectively.
