بررﺳﯽ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯽ اﺛﺮ دوره ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﺳﺮﺑﺎزي ﺑﺮ ﺑﯿﻨﺶ و رﻓﺘﺎر ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ، اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ

A comparative study of the effect of military service on cultural, economic and social insights and behavior

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﺳﺮﺑﺎزي ﻫﻢ ازﻧﻈﺮ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻫﻢ ازﻧﻈﺮ اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ و دﻓﺎﻋﯽ، ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻬﻢ و ﻣﻄﺮﺣﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ و ﻧﻬﺎدﻫﺎي ﺣﮑﻮﻣﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﻪ اﺻﻞ 147 ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺳﺎﺳﯽ ﺟﻤﻬﻮري اﺳﻼﻣﯽ اﯾﺮان، دوﻟﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در زﻣﺎن ﺻﻠﺢ از اﻓﺮاد و ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ﻓﻨﯽ ﻧﯿﺮوﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﻠﺢ در ﮐﺎرﻫﺎي اﻣﺪادي، آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ، ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪي، ﺟﻬﺎد ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﯽ در ﺣﺪي ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ رزﻣﯽ آﺳﯿﺒﯽ وارد ﻧﯿﺎﯾﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﻨﺪ. اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد ﺗﺎ ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﺳﺮﺑﺎزي ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن ﻫﻢ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻣﻠﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻫﻢ دﺳﺘﺎوردﻫﺎي ﻓﺮدي در زﻧﺪﮔﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ. روش: ﻫﺪف ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ دوره ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﺳﺮﺑﺎزي ﺑﺮ ﺑﯿﻨﺶ و رﻓﺘﺎر اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن ﺑﯿﻦ 18 ﺗﺎ 28 ﺳﺎل ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮض ﮔﺬراﻧﺪن و ﯾﺎ ﻧﮕﺬراﻧﺪن اﯾﻦ دوره ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ و روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي- ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اي ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﺑﺰار ﺟﻤﻊ آوري داده ﻫﺎ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ و ﻣﻘﺪار آن )0/754( ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. داده ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮردﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS19 ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از آزﻣﻮن ﻓﺮﺿﯿﺎت ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮔﺬراﻧﺪن اﯾﻦ دوره ﺑﺮ ﺑﯿﻨﺶ و رﻓﺘﺎر ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي اﻓﺮاد اﺛﺮﮔﺬار اﺳﺖ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﻓﺮادي ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ دوره را ﮔﺬراﻧﺪه اﻧﺪ داراي ﺑﯿﻨﺶ و رﻓﺘﺎر ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﻬﺘﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ آﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ دوره ﻧﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و در ﻣﻮرد رﻓﺘﺎر اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺗﻔﺎوت زﯾﺎدي ﺑﺎ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ دوره دوﺳﺎﻟﻪ، ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺎم ﺳﺨﺘﯽ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ وﺟﻮد دارد، ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﻮﺗﺎه ﻣﺪت ﻧﮕﺎه ﻧﮑﻨﻨﺪ و ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮاﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ در ﺑﯿﻨﺶ و رﻓﺘﺎر اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ آﻧﺎن در اﺛﺮ ﺳﭙﺮي ﮐﺮدن ﻣﻄﻠﻮب دوره ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﺳﺮﺑﺎزي در ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪت اﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد، ﺑﻪ آن ﺑﻪ ﭼﺸﻢ ﮐﻼس آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ و دوره ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي آﻣﺎده ﺳﺎزي ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺑﺮاي دﻓﺎع از ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯿﺖ ارﺿﯽ اﯾﺮان و در ﮐﻨﺎر آن، زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺷﺨﺼﯽ و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺧﻮد ﺑﻨﮕﺮﻧﺪ.

Introduction: Military service is an important issue in the society and government institutions both socially and in terms of security and defense. According to Article 147 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, in peacetime, the government may use the personnel and technical equipment of the armed forces in relief, training, production, and constructive jihad to the extent that combat readiness is not harmed. This enables the military service of the youth to have both national interests and individual achievements in their lives. Method: The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of military service on social, cultural and economic insights and behavior. The statistical population of this research is young people between 18 and 28 years old, assuming that they pass or do not pass this course. The type of research is descriptive-survey and the method of research is applied-developmental. The data collection tool is a questionnaire whose reliability was calculated through Cronbach's alpha and its value (0.754) was obtained. The data were analyzed using SPSS19 software. Findings: The results of testing the research hypotheses show that passing this course has an impact on the insight and cultural and economic behavior of people and also people who have passed this course have better insight and cultural and economic behavior than those who have not attended this course. Social behavior cases are not much different from each other. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that young people do not look at this two-year period, with all the difficulties that exist, in the short term, and in addition to the changes in their social, economic and cultural insights and behavior as a result of long-term military service. They can look at it through the eyes of a training class and a practical course of better preparation to defend the territorial integrity of Iran and, besides, their personal and social life