پديد آورندگان :
اﺣﻤﺪي، ﺣﯿﺪر داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺧﻠﯿﺞ ﻓﺎرس - ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺎزارﮔﺎﻧﯽ، ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺮ، اﯾﺮان , ﻋﺼﺎرﯾﺎن، ﻣﺤﻤﺪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان، ﺗﻬﺮان، اﯾﺮان , اﯾﺰدي، زﻫﺮا داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺧﻠﯿﺞ ﻓﺎرس، ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺮ، اﯾﺮان
چكيده فارسي :
ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ- 19ﺗﺤﻮل ﻋﻈﯿﻤﯽ را در ﻫﻤﻪ اﺑﻌﺎد زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ، اﻗﺘﺼﺎد و ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ وﺟﻮد آورد ﺷﺮﮐﺖﻫﺎي ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي ﻧﯿﺰ از اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﻣﺼﻮن ﻧﻤﺎﻧﺪﻧﺪ، از ﻃﺮﻓﯽ ﺷﺮﮐﺖﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﻇﻒ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻗﺼﺪ دارد ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ را ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨﺪي ﮐﻨﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع آﻣﯿﺨﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﺎ 15 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ و ﭘﺲ از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا، ﮐﺪﻫﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و ﺑﺎ روش ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ- ﺑﺪﺗﺮﯾﻦ وزندﻫﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ، 25 ﻋﺎﻣﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﭼﻬﺎر ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي دﺳﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻧﻈﺮ 7ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن ﻓﻌﺎل در ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﮐﻼن ﮐﺸﻮري ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻓﻌﻠﯽ ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪ و ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺲ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ-وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺗﺮﺳﯿﻢ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از: ﺑﯽ ﺛﺒﺎﺗﯽ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل دﺳﺘﻮري ﻧﺮخ ارز، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻮرم و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ارزش ﭘﻮل ﻣﻠﯽ، رﯾﺴﮏ ﺑﺎﻻي ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪﮔﺬاري ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ، ﻋﺪم اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ دوﻟﺖ، رﮐﻮد، درآﻣﺪ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﻣﺮدم، ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﯿﺎﺗﯽ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ، ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻢﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ.
چكيده لاتين :
Covid-19 crisis brought massive changes in all aspects of life, such as health, economy, politics, etc.; tourism companies were not immune from these changes and were affected by this crisis. So, this article aims to identify and prioritize environmental threats that can be challenging for them. First, 15 tourism industry activists were interviewed about the threats faced by tourism companies in this crisis, and 25 factors were extracted as threats and classified into four factors: economic, political, social, and technological. Using the best-worst method, weighting was done, and the importance of each factor was obtained. Then, using a questionnaire, according to 7 experts active in the country's macro-management, the current performance of each factor was determined. The importance-performance matrix of the factors was drawn. Then the factors in the first region of the importance-performance matrix were identified. According to the results, the environmental threats of tourism companies that do not have a good performance are: instability and regulatory control of exchange rates, rising inflation and devaluation of the national currency, high risk of foreign investment, public distrust of government, recession, low-income Inadequate tax laws, international sanctions.
