ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزي رﻓﺘﺎر آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ و ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎت ﺳﻄﺢ آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻋﻤﺎل ﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ در آﺑﺨﻮان دﺷﺖ ﻧﻬﺎوﻧﺪ، اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﻤﺪان

Simulation of Groundwater Gesture and Prediction of Groundwater Level Fluctuations by Applying a Management Scenario in Nahavand Plain Aquifer, Hamadan Province

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﺳﻔﺮهﻫﺎي آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ آب ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﮐﺸﻮر ﻃﯽ ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي اﺧﯿﺮ ﺑﻮده و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺪلﻫﺎي ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزي ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ آﺑﺨﻮان ﺿﺮوري ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺳﻄﺢ اﯾﺴﺘﺎﺑﯽ آﺑﺨﻮان ﻧﻬﺎوﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪل ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮي GMSدر ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻬﺮ ﻣﺎه 85 و در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻧﺎﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﺑﺮاي 9 ﺳﺎل از ﻣﻬﺮ 1385 ﺗﺎ ﻣﻬﺮ 1394 ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي واﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﻣﺪل از دادهﻫﺎي اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪه ﭼﺎهﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺰوﻣﺘﺮي ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي 1394ﺗﺎ 1395اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻫﯿﺪرودﯾﻨﺎﻣﯿﮑﯽ آﺑﺨﻮان ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﮑﯿﺞ PESTﺑﺎ ﺗﻄﺎﺑﻖ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺳﻄﺢ اﯾﺴﺘﺎﺑﯽ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از اﺟﺮاي ﻣﺪل اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺪل ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺳﻄﺢ اﯾﺴﺘﺎﺑﯽ آﺑﺨﻮان دﺷﺖ ﻧﻬﺎوﻧﺪ ﺑﺪون و ﺑﺎ اﻋﻤﺎل 3ﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ از ﭼﺎهﻫﺎي ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري در 10ﺳﺎل آﯾﻨﺪه ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از 10درﺻﺪ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ روﻧﺪ ﻧﺰوﻟﯽ ﺗﺮاز آﺑﺨﻮان را ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. ﻣﻘﺪار ﮐﺎﻫﺶ 30درﺻﺪي دﺑﯽ ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداي ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﯿﺶ از آن ﺗﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار 50درﺻﺪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﺟﺒﺮان ﮐﺴﺮي ﻣﺨﺰن در دورهاي ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻣﺪت اﺳﺖ. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﭘﻬﻨﻪﺑﻨﺪي و اﻓﺖ ﺳﻄﺢ آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ در ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار GISرﺳﻢ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ در ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ دﺷﺖ 1/5ﺗﺎ 13ﻣﺘﺮ و ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ در ﮐﻞ آﺑﺨﻮان 5/7 ﻣﺘﺮ ﻃﯽ دوره ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ.

Groundwater aquifers is the main source of water supply required by the country in recent years and the use of simulation models for proper aquifer management is essential. In this study, the water table variations in the Nahavand aquifer were simulated with a GMS (computer-based model) in a steady state for the month of October and unsteady state for 9 years from October 2006 to September 2015. To calibrate the model, the field measured data from piezometric wells were used from 2015 to 2016. The estimation of hydrodynamic parameters of the aquifer using PEST package was carried out with the adaptation of the depth to water table by implementation to model. The results of the model include prediction of water table variations in Nahavand Plain by considering with or without three management scenarios which shows reducing at the time of wells Operation in the next 10 years. The results showed that lowering the withdrawal from the wells by less than 10% could not stop the downward trend of the aquifer potentials. The reduction of 30% of the utilized may resulted in the establishment of fixed conditions and a reduction of more than that to a value of 50% capable of compensating for the deficit in a long-term period. Finally, the average depth of the groundwater level was determined by the Theisen method during the study period for each year, and the zoning and groundwater level map was processed by GIS software, it’s found that, groundwater level has been reduced in different areas of the plain from 1.5 to 13 m and the average of the total aquifer was 5.7 m declination during the study period