ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﻟﮕﻮي ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ردﭘﺎ و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردي: ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﺮدﺳﯿﺮ

Determining the Optimal Cropping Pattern with Footprint and Quality Water Approach (Case Study: Bardsir City

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻫﻤﻮاره ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ در ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﻤﺪن ﺑﺸﺮي ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻮده و اﻣﺮوزه ﻧﯿﺰ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و ﺑﺰرگﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻨﻨﺪه آب در اﯾﺮان و ﺟﻬﺎن اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺑﯽروﯾﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ از آب ﻫﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺑﺤﺮان ﮐﻢآﺑﯽ در اﮐﺜﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﯾﺮان ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب ﮐﺸﻮر ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﯾﮑﯽ از راه ﻫﺎ، ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﻟﮕﻮي ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﮐﻤﯿﺖ و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻟﺬا، در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﺌﻮري ﺑﺎزي ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﻟﮕﻮي ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ردﭘﺎ و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب در ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﺮدﺳﯿﺮ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﭘﻨﺞ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻤﺪه زراﻋﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه و آﻣﺎر و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻻزم از ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻫﻮا ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ، اداره آب ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي و ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺟﻬﺎد ﮐﺸﺎورزي اﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﺮﻣﺎن و ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﺮدﺳﯿﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي 1384-96ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮔﻨﺪم، ﺟﻮ، ﯾﻮﻧﺠﻪ، ﺳﯿﺐزﻣﯿﻨﯽ و ذرتﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪاي ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان رد ﭘﺎي آب را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص دادهاﻧﺪ. در اﻟﮕﻮي ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﺗﺌﻮري ﺑﺎزيﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻟﮕﻮي ﮐﺸﺖ ﻓﻌﻠﯽ؛ ﺳﻄﺢ زﯾﺮ ﮐﺸﺖ ﮔﻨﺪم، ﺟﻮ و ﺳﯿﺐزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ %4، 7% و 12% ﮐﺎﻫﺶ و ﺳﻄﺢ زﯾﺮ ﮐﺸﺖ ﯾﻮﻧﺠﻪ و ذرتﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪاي ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 4% و 25% اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽﯾﺎﺑﺪ. اﻟﮕﻮي ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﺗﺌﻮري ﺑﺎزيﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، زﯾﺮا در اﯾﻦ اﻟﮕﻮ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﯿﺖ و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺤﺮان روﺑﺮو ﻧﺸﻮﻧﺪ.

Agriculture has always been considered as an important factor in the development of human civilization and today this sector is one of the most important economic sectors and the largest consumer of water in Iran and the world. Irregular extraction of groundwater by this sector has caused a water shortage crisis in most parts of Iran. Therefore, the country's water resources need to be planned and managed in order to be sustainable. One way is to determine the optimal cropping pattern by considering the quantity and quality of water. Therefore, in this study, using game theory, the optimal cropping pattern has been determined by considering the footprint index and water quality in Bardsir city. For this purpose, five major crops of this city have been considered and the necessary statistics and information have been collected from the Meteorological Organization, the Regional Water Administration and the Agricultural Jihad Organization of Kerman province and Bardsir city for the years 2005-2017. The results showed that wheat, barley, alfalfa, potato and fodder corn had the highest water footprint, respectively. In the optimal cropping pattern obtained from game theory compared to the current cropping pattern; the area under cultivation of wheat, barley and potato decreased by 4%, 7% and 12%, respectively, and the area under cultivation of alfalfa and fodder corn increased by 4% and 25%, respectively. The optimal cropping pattern obtained from game theory is recommended for this city, because in this pattern, in addition to economic benefits, attention has been paid to the quantity and quality of water so that water resources do not face a crisis.