بررسي كيفيت آب رودخانه صوفي‌چاي با استفاده از روش‌هاي آنتروپي شانون و AHP

Evaluation of the Water Quality of Soufi Chai by Shannon Entropy and AHP Methods

ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب رودﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب ﺳﻄﺤﯽ دارد. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ، ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺻﻮﻓﯽﭼﺎي ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺷﺎﺧﺺ WQI در ﺑﺎزه زﻣﺎﻧﯽ 1351-95 ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، روشﻫﺎي آﻧﺘﺮوﭘﯽ ﺷﺎﻧﻮن و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺳﻠ ﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ وزن ﻧ ﺴﺒﯽ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب ا ﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ ه ا ﺳﺖ و ﺳﭙﺲ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ وزنﻫﺎي اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺷﺪ هاﻧﺪ. ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻫﺪاﯾﺖ اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ، اﺳﯿﺪﯾﺘﻪ، ﮐﻞ ﻣﻮاد ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل، ﮐﻠﺴﯿﻢ، ﺑﯽﮐﺮﺑﻨﺎت، ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎت، ﮐﻠﺮ، ﻣﻨﯿﺰﯾﻢ و ﺳﺪﯾﻢ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺻﻮﻓﯽﭼﺎي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮐﻞ ﻣﻮاد ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل و ﻫﺪاﯾﺖ اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ در روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﯽ و ﺳﺪﯾﻢ، ﮐﻠﺮ و ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎت در روش آﻧﺘﺮوﭘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺆﺛﺮﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺻــﻮﻓﯽﭼﺎي ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷــﺪهاﻧﺪ. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺷــﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻫﺎي وزندﻫﯽ آﻧﺘﺮوﭘﯽ، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﯽ و وزن دﻫﯽ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ در ﻃﻮل دوره زﻣﺎﻧﯽ 95-1351 ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 38 ،13 و 16 ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﯽ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺻﻮﻓﯽﭼﺎي در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻋﺎﻟﯽ ﻗﺮار دارد.

Evaluation of the changes in river water quality plays key role in sustainable management of surface water resources. This study evaluates the river water quality of Sofi Chai River using the water quality index (WQI) from 1972 to 2016. Shannon's Entropy Method and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) have been used to determine the relative weight of water quality parameters and then these parameters have been compared with the weights provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). Qualitative parameters of Electrical Conductivity (EC), acidity (pH), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), calcium (Ca2+), bicarbonate (HCO3- ), sulfate (SO42-), chloride (Cl-), magnesium (Mg2+) and sodium (Na+) have been used to evaluate the water quality of Soufi Chai River. The results of this study show TDS and EC in AHP and sodium, chlorine and sulfate in the Entropy Method are the most effective parameters on the water quality of Soufi Chai River. The average of Water Quality Indicator calculated by the weighting methods such as entropy, AHP and standard weighting of the WHO during the period of 1972 and 2016 are 13, 38 and 16, accordingly, which indicates that the water quality of Soufi Chai River is excellent.