تحليل ويژگي هاي برجسته نظامي ايرانيان باستان از منظر نويسندگان غيرايراني

Analysis of Prominent Military Characteristics of Ancient Iranians from the Perspective of Non-Iranian Writers

بررسي ويژگي هاي مختلف هر ملت از منظر بيروني اهميت بسيار زيادي دارد و در كنار نگاه افراد آن جامعه به خود, سبب ارايه تحليل هاي جامع در اين حوزه خواهدشد. ايرانيان به دليل موقعيت قابل ملاحظه فرهنگي, اجتماعي و سياسي همواره مورد توجه نويسندگان غير ايراني بوده اند. در اين مقاله تلاش شده خصوصيات برجسته نظامي ايرانيان باستان از منظر نويسندگان خارجي هم عصرشان (يوناني و رومي) بررسي شود. روش گردآوري اطلاعات كتابخانه اي و شيوه پژوهش توصيفي-تحليلي است. يافته ها نشان مي دهد خصوصياتي چون خردمندي و تدبير نظامي, شجاعت و وطن پرستي, نظم و قانون در امور لشكري, صلح و مدارا, نيكي با اسراي جنگي و غرور و اقتدار نظامي بسيار مورد توجه اين نويسندگان بوده كه نه تنها خود بلكه مورخان دوره اسلامي نيز به ستايش در اين زمينه ها پرداخته اند. همچنين تطبيق منابع نشان مي دهد, ايشان در ارايه ويژگي هاي برجسته نظامي ايرانيان نسبتا موفق عمل كرده اند كه نمود برجستگي خصوصيات نظامي ذكر شده در بين ايرانيان است.

Examining the different characteristics of each nation from an external perspective is very important and along with the view of the people of that society on themselves, it will provide comprehensive analysis in this field. Iranians have always been the focus of non-Iranian writers due to their considerable cultural, social and political status. In this article, an attempt has been made to examine the prominent military characteristics of ancient Iranians from the perspective of their contemporary foreign writers (Greek and Roman). The method of collecting library information and research method is descriptive-analytical. The findings show that qualities such as wisdom and military tact, bravery and patriotism, order and law in military affairs, peace and tolerance, kindness to prisoners of war and pride and military authority were of great interest to these authors, which not only themselves, but also historians of the Islamic period. They have paid praise in these areas. Also, comparing the sources shows that they have been relatively successful in presenting the prominent military characteristics of Iranians, which is the manifestation of the prominence of the mentioned military characteristics among Iranians.