تبيين عوامل ژئوپليتيكي اقتصادي مؤثر بر راهبردهاي دفاعي جمهوري اسلامي ايران در حوزه خليج فارس

Geopolitical economic factors affecting the defense strategies of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Persian Gulf

اﻣﺮوزه ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي دﻧﯿﺎ ﺗﻼش ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ژﺋﻮﭘﻠﯿﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ اﺗﺨﺎذ راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻣﻠﯽّ ﺧﻮد اﻗﺪام ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ. ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺧﻠﯿﺞﻓﺎرس و ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺮاﻣﻮﻧﯽ آن ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺣﺴﺎس و راﻫﺒﺮدي دﻧﯿﺎ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ارزش ﻫﺎي ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ، ژﺋﻮاﮐﻮﻧﻮﻣﯿﮑﯽ، ژﺋﻮﭘﻠﯿﺘﯿﮑﯽ و ژﺋﻮاﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋﯾﮑﯽ از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر زﯾﺎدي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ژﺋﻮﭘﻠﯿﺘﯿﮑﯽ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎي دﻓﺎﻋﯽ ج.ا.اﯾﺮان در ﺣﻮزه ﺧﻠﯿﺞﻓﺎرس اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪه و ﺳﻌﯽ دارد ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ اﺻﻠﯽ آن »ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ژﺋﻮﭘﻠﯿﺘﯿﮑﯽ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎي دﻓﺎﻋﯽ ﺟﻤﻬﻮري اﺳﻼﻣﯽ اﯾﺮان در ﺣﻮزه ﺧﻠﯿﺞﻓﺎرس ﮐﺪام اﻧﺪ؟«« ﭘﺎﺳﺦ دﻫﺪ. ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اي و ﺷﯿﻮه ﮔﺮدآوري داده ﻫﺎ و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي و اﺳﻨﺎدي و ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﯿﺮي از روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و ﻣﻮردي زﻣﯿﻨﻪ اي ﺗﻼش ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه ﺗﺎ اﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ آن ﻫﺎ )در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﺻﺖ آﻓﺮﯾﻦ، ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ زا، ﻗﻮت و ﺿﻌﻒ( اﻗﺪام ﮔﺮدد. در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري 40 ﻧﻔﺮي ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﺗﻤﺎم ﺷﻤﺎر ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده روش ﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ و ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار SPSS ﺑﻪ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﻨﺪي ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ 26 ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج و ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ »وﺟﻮد ذﺧﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز در اﯾﺮان« و »وﺟﻮد ذﺧﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز در ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺧﻠﯿﺞﻓﺎرس« و »وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد اﯾﺮان ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻓﺸﺎر اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻓﻠﺞﮐﻨﻨﺪه« ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻬﻢ-ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ژﺋﻮﭘﻠﯿﺘﯿﮏ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎي دﻓﺎﻋﯽ ج.ا.اﯾﺮان در ﺣﻮزه ﺧﻠﯿﺞﻓﺎرس رﺗﺒﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ.

Today, the countries of the world are trying to take advantage of geopolitical factors to adopt appropriate strategies in with their national interests. The Persian Gulf region and its surrounding countries is one of the most sensitive and strategic regions in the world, which is of great importance due to its communication, geo-economic, geopolitical and geostrategic values. Thic article aims to explain the geopolitical economic factors affecting the defense strategies of the Iran in the Persian Gulf and tries to answer the main question "What are the geopolitical economic factors affecting the defense strategies of the Iran in the Persian Gulf?. The type of research, development and method of collecting information required by libraries, documents and field is and by using descriptive-analytical and case-based methods, an attempt has been made to identify these economic factors and to approve them. an‎d determine their factors (in the form of opportunities, opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses). In this regard, the relevant questionnaires were distributed statistical population of 40 people in full and using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis methods and SPSS to summarize the research answers. Finally, 26 factors were extracted: "Existence of suitable oil and gas reserves in Ir@n", "Existence of appropriate oil and gas reserves in the countries of the Persian Gulf region" and "Iran's economic situation due to economic pressure from the United States and other countries in the region were ranked as the most important economic geopolitical factors affecting the defense strategies of the Iran in the Persian Gulf.