كليدواژه :
كمپين اجتماعي , جنبش اجتماعي , كمپين مجازي , مسائل اجتماعي ايران
چكيده فارسي :
هدف اين مقاله، شناسايي زمينههاي شكلگيري، اهداف و فعاليتهاي اجتماعي خاص در شبكههاي اجتماعي مجازي موسوم به «كمپينها» است. توسعۀ فضاي مجازي فرايند شكلگيري افكار عمومي و جنبشهاي اجتماعي را متحول ساخت. تحقيق حاضر با هدف نوعشناسي اهداف كمپينهاي اجتماعي مجازي ايران بين سالهاي 1390 تا 1395 انجام شده است. به اين منظور از نظريه ساختي- هويتمحور و بهخصوص نظريهٔ جامعهٔ اطلاعاتي كاسلتز بهره گرفته شده است. تحقيق با استفاده از روش قومنگاري مجازي و انتخاب 25 كمپين فعال در اينستاگرام، تلگرام، توييتر، خبرگزاريها و سايتها در خلال سالهاي مذكور انجام شد. بعد از تحليل تماتيك دادهها، چهار نوع كمپين شامل كمپينهاي محيطزيستي، كمپينهاي اعتراضي، كمپينهاي اخلاقي (دولتي) و كمپينهاي فرهنگي بر اساس اهداف شناسايي شد.
يافتهها حاكي از آن است كه بين كمپينهاي اجتماعي و جنبشهاي اجتماعي نميتوان ربط وثيق يا وجه متمايزكنندهاي قائل شد. در ايران كمپينهاي اجتماعي مجازي يك نوع جنبش اجتماعي جديد يا حداقل مقدمهاي بر آن هستند و اغلب آنها به موضوعها و مسائل اجتماعي ميپردازند.
چكيده لاتين :
The purpose of this article is to explore the origins and goals of specific social movements and activities in virtual social networks known as "campaigns". With the emergence of online social, the formation of public opinion and social movements in the world and also Iran took a different form.
The current qualitative research was conducted with the aim of typology of online social campaigns (based on their goals) in Iran during 2011 and 2017. In order to achieve this goal, theoretical sampling to the point of data saturation have been done by studying 25 campaigns that were published in the online platforms of Instagram, Telegram, Twitter, news agencies and websites during the desired period, considering structural identity-oriented theories especially the information society theory of Castels and by using the virtual ethnography method.
After the thematic analysis of the data, four types of main campaigns were identified based on the objectives, including environmental campaigns, protest campaigns, moral (public) campaigns, and cultural campaigns. In this research, it was found that although social campaigns and social movements cannot be closely related or separated, but by introducing online social campaigns as a type of new social movements in Iran, which are at least an introduction to social movements, It deals with the importance and need of local researches in this field. Finally, it turned out that most Iranian campaigns are about social issues &problems.