اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢﮔﯿﺮي ﭼﻨﺪﺷﺎﺧﺼﻪ در رﺗﺒﻪﺑﻨﺪي روشﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻧﻤﺮهﮐﻞ

Utilizing the Decision-Making Approach to Rank Composite Score Construction Methods

ﻫﺪف: ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش در آزﻣﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﻤﺮهاي اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در آن آزﻣﻮن ﮐﺴﺐ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. آزﻣﻮن ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ از ﭼﻨﺪ ﺧﺮده آزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ آن آزﻣﻮن ﻣﺮﮐﺐ و ﻧﻤﺮه ﺣﺎﺻﻞ، ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﻞ ﻧﺎﻣﯿﺪه ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. روشﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﻞ ﺳﺎزي ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ در ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش اﻓﺮاد ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف رﺗﺒﻪﺑﻨﺪي روشﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ: از 10000 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ آزﻣﻮن ﺳﺮاﺳﺮي در ﻫﻔﺖ ﺧﺮده آزﻣﻮن ﺑﺮاي رﺗﺒﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺶ روش ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﻞ ﺳﺎزي ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﻤﺮه ﺧﺎم از ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﭘﺎﺳﺦﻫﺎي ﺻﺤﯿﺢ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه و از روشﻫﺎي ﻧﺮﻣﺎلﺳﺎزي و آرك ﺳﯿﻨﻮس ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﻧﻤﺮهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺮهﻫﺎي ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. از ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي وزن دﻫﯽ اﺳﻤﯽ، ﻣﻮﺛﺮ و ﺷﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر رﺗﺒﻪﺑﻨﺪي روشﻫﺎي ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﻞ ﺳﺎزي ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺧﻄﺎي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺮﻃﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ از روﯾﮑﺮدي ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢﮔﯿﺮي ﭼﻨﺪ ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ آن دﺳﺘﻪ از روشﻫﺎي ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﻞ ﺳﺎزي ﮐﻪ از ﻣﻘﯿﺎس آركﺳﯿﻨﻮس و از ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي وزن دﻫﯽ اﺳﻤﯽ و ﯾﺎ ﺷﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻬﺮه ﻣﯽﺑﺮﻧﺪ، ﺣﺎﺋﺰ رﺗﺒﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و در ﺻﻮرت اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آﻧﻬﺎ در ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﻞ ﺳﺎزي ، ﺧﻄﺎي ﮐﻤﺘﺮي ﻣﺮﺗﮑﺐ ﺧﻮاﻫﯿﻢ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﻤﺮه ﻣﻘﯿﺎس آرك ﺳﯿﻨﻮس، ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺧﻄﺎي ﮐﻤﺘﺮ، ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ و راﺣﺖ ﺗﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮﭘﺬﯾﺮي و دﻗﺖ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻧﻤﺮه ﻫﺎي آزﻣﻮن ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﮐﺐ ﮐﻤﮏ ﮐﻨﺪ، ﺿﻤﻦ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ روش ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت وزن دﻫﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﭼﻨﺪاﻧﯽ ﺑﺮ دﻗﺖ ﻧﻤﺮه ﻫﺎ ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ و ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ آزﻣﻮن و ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ آزﻣﻮن ﺳﺎز ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﺑﮕﯿﺮﻧﺪ.

Battery Test is usually used for decision-making in education and Admission decisions. There are several methods to construct composite scores so each method makes a different effect on the admission decision. However, which decision makes fewer errors? Methods: present research has been conducted to rank different methods of composite score construction based on their CSEM. 10,000 random sample Data from participants of the Iran university entrance exam were used to rank six composite score construction methods. The participants' raw score arises from summing up correct responses. Normalizing and Arcsine transformation methods were used to Construct scale scores, also we used nominal, effective and Shannon weighting schemes to combine subtest scale scores. In order to rank composite score construction methods, a new approach was employed based on the MADM decision-making approach Results: The results revealed that the methods that use Arcsine to construct scale scores and nominal or Shannon weighting schemes to combine subtest scale scores have taken the higher ranks, and less error will occur at admission decision. Conclusion: Using the Arc Sine scale score, due to less error and easier conversion, can help the interpretation and accuracy of composite test scores, while different weighting methods do not affect the accuracy of scores and in accordance with the test conditions or test builders' decision can be used.