اين‌همانيِ نقد در جدال ميان مشروطه‌خواهي و ايرانشهري (بررسي نقادانۀ منازعۀ فكري دكتر داود فيرحي و سيدجواد طباطبايي)

The similarity of criticism in the quarrel between constitutionalism and Iranshahri theory (Critical study of the intellectual conflict between Davood Farihi and Seyed Javad Tabatabai)

مرحوم دكتر داود فيرحي و دكتر سيدجواد طباطبايي دوتن از اساتيد سابق دانشكده حقوق و علوم سياسي دانشگاه تهران هريك داعيه‌دار تفكري در باب ايران بودند كه در در سال‌هاي اخير صورت نوعي تقابل و منازعۀ فكري به خود گرفته بود. طباطبايي پس از سال‌ها بحث نظري در باب انحطاط ايران در نهايت از موضع انديشۀ سياسي ايرانشهري به مسئله انحطاط ايران مي‌نگرد و دكتر داود فيرحي مشكلۀ ايران را ذيل غفلت از تحولي مورد خوانش قرار مي‌دهد كه در دوران مشروطه در انديشۀ سياسي تشيع رخ داد و آن مشروطه‌خواهي خاصه با تقرير ميرزاي نائيني است. از آنجا كه هريك از اين دو استاد محترم از زاويۀ متفاوتي به مشكلۀ ايران مي‌نگريستند، در سال‌هاي اخير مداراي فكري ايشان به منازعۀ فكري بدل شد و هريك در آثار اخير خود مستقيماً به نقد يكديگر پرداختند. اين مقاله ضمن بررسي اين منازعۀ فكري، مدعي است نوعي اين-هماني ميان نقد هردو استاد به يكديگر وجود دارد؛ در واقع، هردو استاد يكديگر را به غفلت نظري واحدي متهم مي‌كنند. ما در اين مقاله، به بررسي وجوه مختلف اين منطق اين‌هماني خواهيم پرداخت.

The late Dr. Davood Farihi and Dr. Seyed Javad Tabatabai, two former professors at the Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran, each claimed to have an idea about Iran that had taken the form of a kind of intellectual controversy in recent years. After years of theoretical discussion about the decline of Iran, Tabatabai finally looks at the issue of Iran's decline from the position of Iranshahri political thought. Dr. Davood Farihi reads the problem of Iran under the neglect of a change in political thought during the constitutional period that occurred in the Shia world, and that is constitutionalism with the narration of Mirza Naini. The seeds of disagreement between Farihi and Tabatabai on the issue of the method were sown. Farihi's reading of political jurisprudence was influenced by his discourse understanding of the relationship between knowledge and power, which contrasted him with Tabatabai's linear and evolutionary view. Farihi sought to show how the political logic and knowledge relations that govern a particular region of the world, the Islamic world of Iran, differ from its Western counterpart, and it was evident that such a view, by Tabatabai's analysis of degeneration as a kind of backwardness Remaining in linear history was inconsistent with modernity. In this regard, Farihi was strongly influenced by the tyranny and division of knowledge in Islamic civilization. Jaberi, following the discussion on the intellectual and cultural heritage of the Islamic world, divided knowledge in Islamic civilization into at least two eastern and western regions and tried to show that the logic governing knowledge in the East of Islamic civilization is different from the logic governing The West is the world of Islam. Since each of these two respected professors looked at the Iranian problem from a different angle, in recent years, their intellectual tolerance has turned into an intellectual conflict, and each of them has directly criticized the other in his recent works. While examining this intellectual conflict, this article claims a kind of oneness between the critique of both masters; In fact, both professors accuse each other of single theoretical negligence. This article will examine the different aspects of this similar logic.