كليدواژه :
رشته هنر , تحصيلات تكميلي , تحليل لايه اي علت ها , سهيل عنايت الله , آينده پژوهي هنر
چكيده فارسي :
مقاله حاضر با هدف تحليل علل گرايش فارغ التحصيلان رشته هنر به تحصيلات تكميلي در دهه90 و با استفاده از روش تحقيق آميخته انجام شده است. در اين روند ابتدا عوامل مؤثر به كمك مطالعات كتابخانه اي و روش تحليل مضمون استخراج شده و براساس روش «تحليل لايه اي علت ها» در چهار لايه «ليتاني»، «علل اجتماعي»، «جهان بيني/ گفتمان» و «استعاره» تحليل شد. در بخش كمي، لايه هاي به دست آمده با هدف رتبه بندي عوامل مؤثر به وسيله ابزار پرسشنامه و انتخاب30 نفر از خبرگان مرتبط با دوره هاي تحصيلات تكميلي هنر در دانشكده هاي تهران مورد سنجش قرار گرفت. نتايج دو آزمون تي و فريدمن نشان مي دهد كه سه عامل اوليه مؤثر در گرايش فارغ التحصيلان رشته هنر به تحصيلات تكميلي، به ترتيب شامل عوامل گفتمان، اقتصادي و فرهنگي مي شود. سياست هاي آموزش عالي، كهن الگو، استعاره، عوامل هنري، عوامل فردي و خانوادگي، علاقه به كسب دانش و تخصص و در انتها عامل جهان بيني نيز رتبه هاي چهارم تا دهم را كسب كردند. همچنين كسب مدرك علمي بالاتر كه به دليل ماهيت رشته هنر بر وضعيت اقتصادي و شأن اجتماعي هنرمندان مؤثر بوده، انگيزه هايي قوي تر از علم جويي و پژوهش در گرايش اين قشر به تحصيلات تكميلي است.
چكيده لاتين :
The present article aims to analyze the reasons for the
tendency of art graduates towards postgraduate studies from
2011 to 2021 using a mixed research method. Iran is one
of the countries that has witnessed significant growth in the
development of postgraduate courses in recent decades. In the
field of art, this includes increasing number of universities,
disciplines, admitting more students and increasing faculty
enrollment in the two decades of the eighties and nineties,
but this growth does not seem very desirable because there
should be a necessary balance between quantitative and
qualitative growth. This imbalance has made it necessary to
conduct studies and research on postgraduate studies with
the aim of better understanding and planning. Among these,
recognizing the reasons and motivation of applicants is one
of the aspects that can be considered in order to improve the
quality of development of graduate courses. Because of the
difference and function of the fields, the motivations of the
applicants of the mentioned courses will not be the same.
Due to its nature and essence, the field of art is different from
other specialized fields in terms of aspects such as courses,
scientific production and employment, scientific and social
status. The theoretical framework of the research is based
on the causal layered analysis method, founded in the
nineties by Soheil Enayatullah, a Pakistani-born Australian
academic, futures studies researcher and a professor at the
Graduate Institute of Futures Studies at Tamkang University
in Taipei. As such, an attempt has been made to answer the
following question from the perspective of causal layered
analysis: Considering the unique nature of the field of art,
why art graduates are attracted to continue their education
in this field. In this process, the effective factors were first
extracted with the help of desk-based studies and content
analysis method and then they were analyzed based on
the "causal layered analysis" method in four layers of
"litany", "social causes", "worldview/ discourse" and "myth/
metaphor". In the quantitative part, the obtained layers were
measured with the aim of ranking the effective factors by
means of a questionnaire and selecting a group of experts.
Experts were selected from among people related to
postgraduate studies in the field of art in Tehran colleges,
which included 30 department managers, professors,
professor-student (doctoral degree) and Master's students.
The results of the T-test and Friedman test show that the
three primary factors affecting the tendency of art graduates
to postgraduate studies include discourse (including the two
discourses of modernity and credentialism), economic and
cultural factors, respectively. Higher education policies and
planning, archetypes, metaphors, artistic factors, individual
and family factors, interest in acquiring knowledge and
expertise, and finally the worldview factor ranked fourth
to tenth. As a result, it can be said that obtaining a higher
academic degree, which due to the nature of the field of art
has affected the economic status and social status of artists,
are stronger motivations than seeking science and research
in the tendency of this group to graduate education.
