پديد آورندگان :
ﺷﻬﺴﻮاري زاده، اﻓﺴﺎﻧﻪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن، اﯾﺮان , ﻇﻬﯿﺮي، ﺟﻮاد داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن - ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ آب، اﯾﺮان , ﺟﻌﻔﺮي، اﺣﻤﺪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن - ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ آب، اﯾﺮان
كليدواژه :
ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ اﻧﺮژي اﻣﻮاج , ﺳﺘﻮن ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﮕﺮ آب ﺷﻨﺎور , اﻧﺮژي ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪﭘﺬﯾﺮ , ﻣﺪلﺳﺎزي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ , ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ
چكيده فارسي :
اﻣﻮاج درﯾﺎﻫﺎ و اﻗﯿﺎﻧﻮسﻫﺎ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﻧﺮژي ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ در آﯾﻨــﺪه ﺟــﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﺑﺨﺸــ ﯽ از ﺳــﻮﺧﺖﻫﺎي ﻓﺴﯿﻠﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﻧﺮژي اﻣﻮاج روشﻫﺎ و دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﺪدي ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً داراي ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﻓﺮاوان ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﺳﺘﻮن ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﮕﺮ آب ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺳﺎده ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﮑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﺘﺪاولﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺤﺼﺎل اﻧﺮژي اﻣﻮاج در دﻧﯿــ ﺎ ﺗﺒــﺪﯾﻞ ﺷــﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻫﯿﺪرودﯾﻨﺎﻣﯿﮏ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن و ﻫﻮا در داﺧﻞ اﯾﻦ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ، ﻧﯿﺎز اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ از ﻣﺪلﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ دﻗﯿﻖﺗﺮ آن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ارﺗﻔﺎع دﯾﻮاره اﻧﺘﻬﺎﯾﯽ، ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﻗﺮارﮔﯿﺮي ﺳﺎزه در اﻣﺘﺪاد ﻗﺎﺋﻢ و ﻓﺮﮐــﺎﻧﺲ اﻣــﻮاج ﺑﺮ روي ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻮان ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺪل ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. دﯾﻮاره اﻧﺘﻬﺎﯾﯽ در ﻗﺴــﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦدﺳــﺖ دﺳــﺘﮕﺎه ﻗــﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي از ﺟﺮﯾﺎن را ﺑﻪ ﻣﺠﺮاي ﺳﺘﻮن ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﮕﺮ آب ﻫﺪاﯾﺖ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑــﻞ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫــﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖآﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﺮ روي ﺗﻮان ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑــﻮده وﻟﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺲ و دﯾﻮاره اﻧﺘﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪاي، وﺟﻮد دﯾﻮاره اﻧﺘﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺗــﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺑــﺎﻻﯾﯽ ﺑــﺮ ﻣﯿــ ﺰان ﺗــﻮان ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ دارد. اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دﯾﻮاره 5 و 10 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯿﻤﺘﺮي ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻮان ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 88 و 148 درﺻﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺪون دﯾﻮاره ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ وﺟﻮد اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﯿﺎن ارﺗﻔﺎع دﯾﻮاره اﻧﺘﻬﺎﯾﯽ و ﻋﻤﻖ ﮐﺎرﮔﺬاري، ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ دﯾﻮاره 10 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯿﻤﺘﺮي در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻗﺮارﮔﯿﺮي ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ در ﻋﻤﻖ زﯾﺎد ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آوردن ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ارﺗﻔﺎع دﯾــ ﻮاره اﻧﺘﻬﺎﯾﯽ، ﻋﻤﻖ ﮐﺎرﮔﺬاري ﻧﯿﺰ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﻮد.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction: Population increment along with the environmental crisis due to the fossil fuels use has led humans to seek other sources such as renewable energy. One of the most important sources of renewable energy is sea and ocean waves, which can meet some of the human needs for energy resources. One of the key steps in development of wave energy renewable technology is the design and validation of physical models. Although physical models can not be accurately simulated, all the details and performance of the original prototype, they can be a valuable source of information for researchers, developers, and inventors in this area. Due to its simple mechanical structure, the oscillating water column has become one of the most common tools for converting wave energy in the world. The oscillating water column could be used as a breakwater on the shores in addition to generating energy from the waves. Due to the complexities related to the hydrodynamic conditions of air and airflow inside the system, it is necessary to use laboratory models to study it more precisely.
Methodology: In the present study, laboratory flume model GUNT HM162 with a length of 12.5 m, width 0.31 m, and height 0.47 m with glass walls and the metal floor was used. A centrifugal pump with a flow rate of 165 m3/h and a height of 16 m was used for the experiments. A wave generator with a frequency of 0.5 to 1.11 Hz was applied to create a wave in the laboratory flume. All the experiments were performed at a constant flow depth of 200 mm. Three values were chosen for the distance of the OWC device from the water surface in the normal state (d), according to the chamber length (B). Therefore, distances of 10%, 25%, and 45% of the OWC chamber length were used as parameter d. To investigate the effects of back wall height (Z) on OWC efficiency, three physical models were made in three modes without back wall and with 5 and 10 cm back wall. In this research, the power generated by the wave inside the device was performed to evaluate the OWC performance. In addition, a two-way analysis of the variance test was used to investigate the effects of independent parameters such as back wall height, the depth of the system, and the frequency of waves on the output power to determine the main and interaction effects.
Results and Discussion: The results show that as the installation depth of the system increase, the amount of output power initially increased, then it had a decremental trend. Accordingly, the depth with the best performance must be considered for OWC. In this study, it was found that 0.25 B (chamber length) installation depth has better performance compared with two other cases. Comparison of the effect of the back wall on the performance of the device at a depth of 0.25B shows that the models with the back wall have better performance compared with the model without a back wall. The performance of the two back walls at frequencies less than 0.8 is similar, while for higher frequencies, the 10 cm back wall has better performance compared with another back wall. All the main effects have a significant influence on the output power, which the frequency of the waves and the height of the back wall have a higher effect. The results related to the interaction effects of independent parameters show that the interaction effects have a high influence on the amount of output power. Among the interaction effects, (Z × d) and (Z × Frequency) have a significant effect on the output power, which indicates the effect of the back wall on the total power. The results of the margin averages show that at the maximum frequency used, the 5 and 10 cm back walls were increased the efficiency of the OWC by 98% and 182%, respectively, compared to the model without a back wall.
Conclusions: Based on the results of the experiments, the presence of the back wall has a high effect on the OWC output power. Specifically, in the best installation depth (d =0.25B) and frequency of 1.1 Hz, the 5 and 10 cm back wall, increases the output power by 1.18 and 1.83, respectively. A two-way analysis of the variance was used to investigate the effect of different parameters on OWC efficiency. The results of two-way ANOVA shows that the frequency of the waves and the back wall had the greatest effect on the output power. Moreover, the interaction of the back wall with the frequency and installation depth also had a significant effect on output power. The performance of the two back walls used at low frequencies was similar, but for the higher frequencies, the 10 cm back wall performed better. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the presence of a larger back wall cannot produce more power in all frequencies.
