ارزيابي كيفيت آب زيرزميني جهت مصارف كشاورزي بر اساس تحليل‌هاي زمين‌آماري (مطالعه موردي: استان بوشهر)

Groundwater Quality Assessment Based on geostatistical analyses for agricultural use(Case study: Boushehr Province)

ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﺧﻄﺮ آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ آبﻫﺎي ﺳﻄﺤﯽ، ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪه ﺣﺘﯽ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻘﯽ ﮐﻪ ﮐﻤﺒﻮدي از ﻟﺤﺎظ آب ﺳﻄﺤﯽ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد، ﻧﯿﺰ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آبﻫﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ روﻧﻖ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮآورد دﻗﯿﻖ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﮐﻤﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯽ آبﻫﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰم ﺻﺮف زﻣﺎن و ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ زﯾﺎد ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ روشﻫﺎي ﻣﯿﺎنﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان راهﺣﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ در ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯽ آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮد. ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮﯾﻦ روش ﻣﯿﺎنﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ECو SARآبﻫﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر از روشﻫﺎي ﻋﮑﺲ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ وزندار، ﮐﺮﯾﺠﯿﻨﮓ و ﮐﻮﮐﺮﯾﺠﯿﻨﮓ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ روش ﮐﻮﮐﺮﯾﺠﯿﻨﮓ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ داﺷﺘﻦ RMSEﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦﺗﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ECو SARﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ECو SARاز ﺷﻤﺎل و ﺷﻤﺎلﻏﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺷﺮق و ﺟﻨﻮبﺷﺮﻗﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯽﯾﺎﺑﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ آب ﺷﻮر و ﺧﯿﻠﯽ ﺷﻮر دارﻧﺪ. ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎي ﮐﻮﭼﮑﯽ از ﺷﺮق و ﺟﻨﻮب ﺷﺮق از ﻧﻈﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آبزﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺷﻮر ﺑﻮده و ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺑﺎ تمهيداتي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ.

Ground water is the main sources for agricultural uses. Because of Less risk of pollution, groundwater use has increased rather than surface water even in areas where there is no shortage of surface water seen. Accurate estimation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of groundwater takes time and costs. Thus, interpolation methods as a proper option in estimating water quality parameters will be used. The aim of this study was to determine the most appropriate interpolation method to analyze spatial variations in groundwater (EC and SAR) of the Boushehr province. For this purpose, the method of inverse distance weighted, kriging and co-kriging was used. The results showed that co-kriging method due to having lower RMSE is more suitable for the preparation of spatial variation map of EC and SAR. EC and SAR values from the north and northwest to the East and Southeast decreases. In most areas, the quality of ground water is salty and very salty. Small parts of East and South East have saline ground water quality and can be used for agriculture With some consideration.