رويكرد دانشيان مكتب حديثي ري به جريان مفضل بن عمر جعفي

The Approach of Scholars of the Hadith School of Ray to the Issue of Mufazzal bin Umar Jua’afi

مفضل بن عمر يكي از اصحاب برجسته ائمه است. وي از شخصيت‌‌هاي تأثيرگذار در جريان‌‌هاي درون‌مذهبي سده‌‌هاي نخستين بود. با مهاجرت برخي از محدثان از عراق به ايران،‌‌انديشه‌‌هاي حديثي طيف مفضل بن عمر نيز به مكاتب حديثي ايران منتقل شد. دانشيان ري كه گروهي از محدثان و اصحاب ائمه ساكن ري يا محدثان مهاجر از ديگر شهرها بودند با جريان مفضل بن عمر ارتباط برقرار كردند كه تأثير اين ارتباط در نشر و ضبط تراث حديثي اماميه از اهميت بسياري برخوردار است. بر اين اساس، پژوهش حاضر به رويكرد دانشيان مكتب حديثي ري در تعامل و ارتباط با جريان مفضل بن عمر جعفي و آثار ايشان مي‌پردازد. روش پژوهش با توجه به شناخت تاريخ‌‌انديشه و تحليل رويكرد دانشيان مكتب ري در تحليل رجالي، مؤلفه‌‌اي و جرياني است. بر اساس تحقيقات انجام‌شده، برخورد دانشيان مكاتب حديثي قم و بغداد با جريان مفضل بن عمر به شيوۀ طرد، اتهام به غلو و تفويض بوده، اما دانشيان مكتب حديثي ري برخلاف ديگر مكاتب، با‌‌انديشه اعتدالي، نه‌تنها وابستگان به جريان مفضل بن عمر را در ري پذيرفتند، بلكه به نشر روايات بسياري از اين طيف پرداختند و اين ارتباط تا آنجا پيش رفت كه بزرگان و ثقات ري، روايات زيادي از ايشان در تأليفات خويش گنجاندند و همين امر باعث جرح برخي از دانشيان ري توسط رجاليان مكاتب ديگر شد.

Mufazzal bin Umar is one of the prominent companions of Imams. He was one of the influential figures in the intra-religious currents of the first centuries. With the migration of some hadith scholars from Iraq to Iran, the hadith ideas of Mufazzal bin Umar were also transferred to the hadith schools of Iran. Ray’s scholars who are a group of scholars and companions of Imams residents of Ray or migrant narrators were from other cities and they connected with the movement of Mufazzal bin Umar, and the effect of this connection in publishing and recording the hadith tradition of Imamiyyah is very important. Based on this, the present research deals with the approach of scholars of the Hadith school of Ray in interaction and communication with the movement of Mufazzal bin Umar Jua’afi and his works. The research method is based on the knowledge of the history of thought and the analysis of the approach of scholars of the Ray school in the analysis of majesty is component-based and current-oriented. According to the conducted research, the scholars of Qom and Baghdad hadith schools rejected the movement of Mufazzal bin Umar, accused of exaggeration and completely-free-will (tafweez), but unlike other schools, the scholars of the hadith schools of Ray, with moderate thinking, did not only consider those affiliated with Mufazzal bin Umar’s movement and accepted that, but they published also many narrations from this spectrum and this communication went to the point that the trusted and scholars of Ray included many narrations from him in their works, and this caused some scholars of Ray to be offended by the scholars of other schools.