بررسي سبكي نامه‌هاي مشروطه خواهان به سران ايلات غرب كشور (با تكيه بر ايل كلهر)

A study of the style of constitutional letters to the heads of the west of the country (relying on Il Kalhor)

در بدو حكومت قاجار يك نهضت بزرگ ادبي در ايران آغاز شد كه زبان فارسي و شيوه نظم و نثر را به سوي تحولي مترقيانه و تكاملي پيش برد. انقلاب مشروطه يكي از رخدادهاي بسيار مهم تاريخ ايران است كه بر تمام بخش‌هاي سياسي، اجتماعي و فرهنگي جامعه ايران به‌خصوص ادبيات تأثير گذاشته و ادبيات را طوري متحول كرد كه باعث سبكي به نام «ادبيات مشروطه» گرديد. ايل كلهر يكي از ايل‌هاي بزرگ در غرب ايران بوده و در عصر مشروطه نقش مؤثري در مسائل سياسي و نظامي داشته است. پيروزي انقلاب مشروطه و استبداد صغير از مسائلي بود كه ايل كلهر با رياست داودخان را درگير جريانات سياسي – نظامي كشور نمود و همين مسئله باعث مكاتبات اداري بين سران ايل كلهر و دولت مركزي گرديده است، ازاين‌رو تاكنون ادبيات اين دوره از جنبه‌هاي مختلفي مورد بررسي قرارگرفته است، اما به نامه‌ها ‌كه از اساسي‌ترين وسايل ارتباطي بوده كمتر توجه شده و مورد غفلت واقع گرديده كه در اين مقاله با روشي توصيفي- تحليلي به بررسي و واكاوي تعدادي از نامه‌هايي كه مخاطب آن‌ها سران ايل كلهر بوده، پرداخته‌ مي‌شود.

In the beginning of Qajar Government, a literary big movement begins in Iran that Persian language and the mode of poem and prose went ahead toward an evolutionary reformation. In investigation of Constitutionalists letters to Kalhors tribe leaders it can be reached to this result that according to this aim new issues raised in literature that didn’t have any background before such as social and political issues existent regime liberalism patriotism …. that sometimes causes changing of letters form that was the first result of exchanging letter between constitutionalists to west of country tribe’s leaders. The dominant theme of those letters are liberalism and fighting against injustice and inhumanity as a canonical task. Structurally one of the charities of Constitutional eras prose that its addressing is to general scope is not seen much Of course it seem that this strategy rises from literary kind of letters.Easywriting process that is one of the main tendencies of Constitutional eras prose is seen rarely. and the prose of these letters is the reminder of Beihaqis history and Saedis Bostan prose somewhat.One of the obvious and important points of these letters is its perspectives that is seen well and beautifully and it is the use of second-person Pronoun. Another point that has closed the prose of these letters to constitutional eras prose is the replacement of logic than description. Because the tendency to logic in prose is one of the prominent characteristics of Constitutional eras prose.