عرفان طبيعت‌ مبنا در شعر سهراب سپهري

Nature-based Mysticism in the Poetry of Sohrab Sepehri

توجه به طبيعت همواره بخشي از شعر شاعران كهن و نو بوده است. طبيعت يا الهام­‌بخش شعر شاعر است يا زيبايي و فكرت‌­انگيزي آن باعث التذاذ و وجد شاعر و دست­مايه تصويرگري و شرح شعري او مي­شود. در نگاه شاعر معاصر، سهراب سپهري، طبيعت تنها زيبايي نيست و كيفيتي عرفاني دارد و شاعر را به كنه حقيقت هستي و وجود خالق رهنمون مي‌­شود به طوري­‌كه گويي حكم نوعي دينِ مبتني بر مشاهده را دارد. بر اين اساس، مقاله حاضر ضمن تعريف و تشريح مفهوم عرفان و ارتباط آن با طبيعت­گرايي در اشعار اين شاعر، ضمن يك قرائت تنگاتنگ، اشعاري از او را نيز به­‌عنوان شاهد مثال، تحليل مي‌­نمايد. نتيجه حاصل از اين گفتار اين است كه عرفان سهراب سپهري با عرفان سنتي متفاوت است و يك­سره بر طبيعت و جلوه­‌هاي آن مبتني است و شاعر با تماشاي طبيعت و تدبر در حال آن، صفاتي از آن را برمي‌­گيرد كه در نهايت، جزء ويژگي­‌هاي نگاه عرفاني او نيز مي­‌شوند. از جمله اين صفات، معصوميت، سادگي، بي­‌تكلفي و رهايي از قيدوبند اصول و قواعد است.

Care for nature has always been a part of the poetry of old and new poets. Nature is either the source of inspiration for the poet's poetry or sles, its beauty and thought-provoking aspects cause the poet's delight and ecstasy and the means of their poetic composition and description. In the views of the contemporary poet, Sohrab Sepehri, nature is not only beautiful, it also has a mystical quality, and the poet is guided through it to the truth of the existence of the Creator, as if it were a kind of religion based on direct observation of nature. Accordingly, the present article, while defining and explaining the concept of mysticism and its relationship with nature in the poems of this poet, through a close-reading, also analyzes poems by him as an example of his sepcial mystical stance. The result of this article is that Sohrab Sepehri's mysticism is different from traditional mysticism and is completely based on nature and its manifestations, and the poet, by watching nature and contemplating it, acquires traits from it that ultimately become parts and features of his mystical view. Among these attributes are innocence, simplicity, unassumingness, and liberation from the shackles of principles and rules.