مشهد براي تحمل به سرما در شرايط مزرعه )CICER ARIETINUM L.( ارزيابي كلكسيون نخود

Screening of Mashhad chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)collection for cold tolerance under field conditions

To evaluate the chickpea cold tolerance for fall planting in highland regions of Iran an experiment was conducted at the College of Agriculture Experimental Station, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. 530 accessions of Mashhad Collection Chickpea (MCC) were planted during the fall of 1997-98 and 1998-1999 growing seasons. Seedlings were counted thirty days after emergence and also after winter. In 1997-98 and 1998-99, 42% and 61% of accessions were found to be very cold tolerant (rate 1) .and/or tolerant (rate 2). Cold severity and duration in 1997-98 were higher than those in 1998-99. In two years 64 accessions jointly were rated and and/or two, from which 30 accessions were selected on the basis of survival. From the selected accessions, nine accessions survived 100% in both years, 16 accessions have 100% survival in one year and more than 75% survived another year, and five accessions had more than 75% and less than 100% survival in both years. Amongst of 30 accessions numbers of 11 and 19 were desi and kabuli type, respectively. Most of the collected accessions were in seedling stage and had a semi-erect growth habit before the onset of cold in winter. The results indicated that there were some cold tolerance accessions in MCC and introduction of cold tolerance cultivars for fall planting seems possible.