ارزيابي آلاينده هاي خروجي از زباله سوزهاي بيمارستاني شهر همدان و ارايه راه حل هاي كنترلي براي آن

Assesment of Emission Pollutants from Hospital Active Incinerators to Atmosphere in Hamadan and Offering Suggestions for Control of Them

The objectives of this study were to evaluate emission pollutants from active hospital incinerators to atmosphere in Hamadan and offering some suggestions for control of pollutants. In this study emission pollutants including heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg), aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and particulate matter from Imam , Sina, Fatemieh and Mobasher hospital waste incinerators were measured and the health effects of these pollutants on human-beings that live near those hospitals were surveyed. The results show that the maximum concentration of lead (1113 mg/m^3), Hg (540 mg/m^3) and Cd (3340 mg/m^3) belong to Mobasher hospital incinerator and the lowest concentration of lead (26.4 mg/m3) He(90 mg/m^3) and Cd(776.7 mg/m^3) were belong to Fatemieh hospital incinerator. The maximum concentration of Benzene (77.46 mg/m^3), Toluene (108.64 mg/m^3) and Xylene (33.6 mg/m^3) belong to Sina hospital incinerator and the lowest concentation of Benzene (34.96 mg/m^3), Toluene (52.69 mg/m^3) and Xylene (0 mg/m^3) belong to Mobasher hospital incinerator. The maximum concentration of Carbon monoxide (1041 PPM) belong to Sina hospital incinerator and the lowest ccncentration of carbon monoxide (138 PPM) belong to Imam hospital incinerator. The maximum concentration of sulfur dioxide (127PPM) belong to Mobasher hospital incinerator and the lowest concentration of it (1PPM) belong to Imam hospital incinerator. The maximum concentration of Particulate Matter (639 mg/m3) belong to Mobasher hospital incinerator and the lowest concentration of Particular Matter 60.45 mg/m3) belonged to Sina hospital incinerator. The survey of health effects emission pollutants from active hospital waste incinerators showed that there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in symptoms such as headache, chest discomfort, pallor, gingivitis, stomachache, sleep alteration, lacrimation, eye irritation between exposed group compared to control group. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) only in coughing symptom between exposed and control group. So according to these results, management control and engineering control such as control of pollutants before generation, in source and in atmosphere are suggested. The designing of optimum hospital incinerator and local ventilation for contorl of pollutants in sources has been mentioned.