كليدواژه :
antibiotics , پزشكي , Scientific Prescribing , تجويز علمي , Ambulatory Patients. , بيماران سرپايي , پزشكان عمومي , آنتي بيوتيك , General practitioners
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction : Application of antibiotics in prevention and treatment of infectious dieseases is a double-bladed razor, on one side spoils pathogen germs and on the other side has numerous complications and consequences. The most serious and dangerous among them are selection of resistant germs and formation of drug resistances. Selection and prescription of antibiotics is a complicated scientific process and requires accurate clinical judgement, awareness and acting according to the pharmacologic and microbiologic principles in diagnosis, treatment and consideration of each patients particula- condition and his illness. Unfortunately in most cases, deciding to prescribe antibiotics lacks considration of above factors.
Methods & materials : hi this descriptive study, 1090 prescriptions of 141 general practitioners were evaluated in Urmia in 1988 and following criteria had been chosen: number of drug items in each prescription, frequency of prescriptions with antibiotics, methods of prescribing (dosage, doses per day, duration of treatment and drug interactions),...
Results : Average number of drugs in each prescription were 4.12 and
53% of prescriptions included antibiotics. From prescribing method point of view, 47% were non-scientific (false dosage per instance in 3% of whole prescriptions, false doses interval in 27%, duration of treatment in 38%, interactions with other antibiotics and drugs 9%). Prescriptions consisted of 65.5% penicillin group, 11% sulfonamids, 6% cephalosporins, and 5.4% aminoglycosides (Total=87.9%).
Discussion : Average drug items is proportionated with national statistics but it is much higher than world average. Antibiotics presence in 53% of prescriptions is a little higher than in the most countries and cities (United States, France, Tehran, Mashhad and Esfahan). Occurance of 47% non-scientific prescribing with only 4 criteria in comparision with other sources, which have included relation of prescriptions and diagnosis (true and scientific selection of antibiotics) is high. The great portion of non-scientific prescribing was short duration of treatment course.
