كليدواژه :
روش سنتي , Agricultural mechanization , روش نيمه مكانيزه , Milling , Energy , Rice Production , كشاورزي , انرژي مصرفي , توليد برنج
چكيده لاتين :
The role of energy is the most important factor in agricultural development. In recent years, energy consumption, particularly fossil fuels, and chemical fertilizers has been increased and energy consumption per area for crop production is much more than before. The main factors of the increasing of energy consumption in agriuclutral sector are increasing of population, limitation of arable lands, the cheapness of fuel and fertilizer, and high standard of living and people expectations. In this paper, energy required in agricultural sector, particularly rice production and paddy processing to white rice, was assessed. As well as the determination of the calculation method of consumed and produced energy in rice production and effective factors on it, energy efficiency index (the rate of output energy to input energy) in two methods, traditional and semi- mechanized for rice production in Gilan province was also calculated.
The required data were collected by field studies and interview and energy consumption in rice (Khazar variety) production and energy efficiency index has been also calculated and determined. The results indicated that semi-mechanized method was more efficient than traditional method. The total energy requirements for rough rice production and its processing to white rice per hectare for a common variety of rice in Gilan province, in traditional and semi-mechanized methods by considering water consumption were 72488.7 and 68633.8 M3 and efficiency index were 2.09 and 2.21, respectively. The semi- mechanized method was an efficient and low cost method, thus it was necessary to provide credit and facilities for farmers and mills. In other hands, design and development of machinery in rice production must be considered from point of view of size, farms and energy consumption.
