تمايز جنسي روستاييان در كار، فراغت ، فعاليت و مصرف كالاهاي فرهنگي

Rural Gender Distinction at Work, Leisure, Activity, and Consumption of Cultural Commodities

Utilizing the statistical data provided by a national research project, this article initially attempts to explain rural womenʹs activity situation, education, leisure, and consumption of cultural commodities. Then it proceeds, referring to feminist theories, to present an analysis concerning inequality or gender distinction in countryʹs villages. The results of this research, in the main part, supports assumptions concerning the patriarchal/authoritarian held views, mode of production and social division of labor as they seemingly constitute a system based on either gender or values and views reflecting gender distinction. Nonetheless, the gender distinction in terms of artistic and sport activities, evident in early childhood development years, is partially confirmed by the assumption maintaining different natural endowments as seen in certain dispositions in men and women. Due to certain bio-psychological traits, somewhat independent of socio-cultural processes, girls and boys form different inclinations. These inclinations, however later in life, tend to he emphasized and hence intensified. Moreover, based on the findings of this research, it has become clear that because of the increased need of womenʹs social presence, the expansion of modern education, and ongoing modernization process in villages, all have introduced changes in the traditional view,the view which would reduces womenʹs role to housekeeping and child care, and such changes are expanding.