مطالعه ميكروبي بيماري افتالميانيونيتارم در نوزادان متولد شده در بيمارستان شهيد بهشتي ياسوج 1379-1378

A Microbiological Study of Ophtalmia Neonatorum in Term Neonate Born in Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Yasuj 1999-2000

Ophtalmia Neonatorum means bacterial conjunctivitis in first months of life. Considering the fact that it is the commonest infectious diseases in first months of life, this study was performed in Sh.Beheshti hospital born-neonates, in order to determine the frequency of various pathogenic bacterial agents and their sensitivity patterns to common antibiotics. This study was carried out on 230 term neonates (38-40 wks of gestational age), between 0-25 days of age with conjunctivitis, who were born in Sh.Beheshti hospital and visited by pediatricians. Following examinations of patients, clinical diagnosis of conjunctivitis and recording the data, samples for microbial cultures, smearing and staining were taken. Then antibiotics sensitivity patterns with nine available antibiotics for each organism were investigated. Coagulase-positive staphylococci were found to be the commonest causative organism (30%) and Chlamydia was the least common (2.2%). Nisseria gonorrhea (Gonococcus) was not found in the spectrum of the various isolated bacteria. The most sensitive antibiotics were Ceftrioxane and Chloramphenicol, whereas the most resistant were Tetracyclin and Ampicillin. Also the most sensitive antibiotics for Coagulase-positive and negative Staphylococci, Haemophilus Influenza was Chloramphenicol, for Streptococci and Kelebsiella was Ceftrioxane, for E,coli was Amikacin and for Pseudomonas was Amikacin and Ceftrioxane. It was also revealed that all causative organisms could cause the disease in the first day of life. Unlike the results of the studies carried out in other countries, this one showed that Ophtalmia Neonatorum is infrequently associated with sexually transmitted diseases (Chlamydia and Gonococcus). Since the Gonococcus was not found among various causative organisms , revising the primary ophthalmic prophylaxis seems necessary. Moreover, since it was revealed that all organisms can cause conjunctivitis in the first day of life ,there needs to be a prophylactic agent immediately after birth which can reduce the colony count of the bacteria in conjunctivitis.