نگاهي به عوامل تاثيرگذار توسعه سياسي دو كشور هند و كره جنوبي

FACTORS AFFECTING POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA AND SOUTH KOREA

In this article it is emphasized that emergence of democracy-in terms of political competitron - in many southern countries, along with suitable international atmosphere, has been dependent on certain factors such as determination from above (preparedness of state) and pressure from below (strenght of civil institutions) - along with their impactibility from interests of new middle class towards higher class. Thus, rely on abovementioned formulation, political changes of two countries like India and South korea can be analysed. In South Korea, in late years of 1980s - as result of pressure of civil institutions and in dusterial and middle classes, the power elite (with support of moderate faction fostering industerial capitalism) was forced succumb to accepting risk of competitive politics. The case of India indicates that the emergence of democracy, congressparty as bourgeoisie nationalist party defending democratic values and independence of country, before 1947-and its selected cabinet - after 1947 - has played important role despite unsuitable social and economic conditions.