بررسي طول ، عرض ، نماي اتصالي رباطهاي متقاطع زانو و كاربرد باليني آن در انسان

Study of length, width and connection view of knee cruciate ligaments in human and their clinical applications

Background: On of the important factors in knee stability is its ligaments and in particular cruciate ligaments. They relax during standing up or walking to prevent abnormal displacement of the bony parts of the joint. So knowledge of their actual length and width is vital. Good information about their binding with tibia and fibula is also important to apply during ligament repair of knee prosthesis. In addition proper information about tibia and fibula connections can be helpful in understanding the biomechanics of knee joint and used in knee prosthesis modeling. Methods: In this study 60 Iranian cadavers were analyzed . A U-shaped incision was used to provide access to joint space and after determining every ligament , place of attachment with bone and their length was measured. Results: The mean length of anterior ligament was 29.6±2.86 mm and its mean width measured in midway point was 7.62±1.45 mm. Mean posterior ligament length was recorded 26.62±4.19 with mean midway point width of 7.75±1.8 nun. The form of their binding to femur was semicircular and their concavity is toward joint margin. Length of insertion site of anterior and posterior ligament with femur was 11.5 and 1.5 mm respectively. Distance between ligaments dome to joint margin was 5 mm for anterior and 4 mm for posterior ligament. Insertions to tibial bone were band like for both and were in anterior and posterior sites. Conclusion: Different studies provided different measures of anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments. Part of this difference can be due to racial differences. Exact determination of their bone insertions can be helpful in understanding the reasons for the firmness or laxity of their fibers during movement. Cruciate ligaments are very important in biomechanics of knee movements and actually most of the knee stability is facilitated through these ligaments.