INVITRO اثر تركيبات هورموني و ريز نمونه در توليد كالوس سير در لوله آزمايش

The effect of hormone combination and explants on garlic(Allium sativum L.) callus induction In vitro

Experiments were carried out with the aim of plantlet produced from the tissue culture of garlic cv. Saphide Shomal by means of shoot tip and callus culture. In this experiment, small sample of basal plate (S), shoot tip (M), basal plate with shoot tip (SM) and root tip ( R) were cultured after disinfecting in a MS medium with various auxin (IAA, NAA, 2,4-D) and Kinetin. The most suitable achieved disinfecting substance for the explants was bleach (Vortex) with the effective substance of 1.5 percent Sodium hypochloride for the period of 30 minutes and then, rinsing with 60 percent Ethanol alcohol for 10 minutes. The highest percentage of callus in the MS medium with I mg/I IAA and I mg/l 2,4-D was established in perpetual darkness. Also, the highest callus weight increase for the basal plate explant in the MS medium contains 2 mg/1 IAA, 0.5mg/l 2,4-D and 1 mg/l kinetin. And for the shoot tip, in MS medium supplied with 1 mg/1 IAA, 0.5mg/l 2,4..D and in 16 hours light (2500 Lux) was achieved. The highest percent of embryonic callus, differentiation and root formation were obtained through the callus resulting from basal plate explant which had been transferred to the MS medium with 1 mg/1 IAA and 1mg/l kinetin. Also, it was observed that the differentiation cells of garlic cv. Saphide Shomal primary had produced roots.