بررسي اثرات سورفكتانتهاي يوني بر غشاء بيولوژيك با استفاده از مدل گلبول قرمز

Investigation of the effects of ionic surfactants on biological membranes using human erythrocytes as a model

Surfactants are widely used as detergents, emulsifiers, solubilizers, anti-infectives and in recent years as absorption enhancers as well. One of the limiting factors in using these agents is, their effect on the integrity of biological membranes. In the present study, the membrane disruptive effects of four ionic surfactants, two anionics including sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DSS), and two cationics including cetrimide (CET) and benzalkonium chloride (BNZ) were investigated using human red blood cells as a model of biological membrane. It was found that the hemolysis induced by SLS was more pronounced than that of DSS, thus SLS is considered too toxic and may cause permanent damage to the membrane. Also the hemolytic effect of CET was shown to be more than that of BNZ. Thus, BNZ is preferred as a preservative in eye drops. The effect of temperature on the hemolysis caused by the four surfactants was also examined and it was found that increasing the temperature from 25°C to 37° C resulted in a significant increase in the hemolytic effects of all surfactants tested. The results were analysed statistically by T-student test with P<0.05.