بررسي امكان كاربرد تكنيك نجات جنين در برنامه هاي اصلاحي انگور

Application of In Ovule Embryo Culture Technique in Grapevine Breeding Program

Breeding program in grapevine to find new superior seedless cultivars is one of the most important priorities in table grape industry. Among different techniques, in-ovule embryo culture has obtained a high importance due to its great potential in hybridization of seedless grapevine cultivars followed by a rescue of the resulting embryo before it gets degenerated. In this work, the technique was applied in the case of five Iranian seedless cvs (White Seedless, Red Seedless, Yaghooti, Green Keshmeshi and Askary) and a new recently imported. One, namely Flame Seedless. Ovules were dissected out of berries at 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days after flower opening and then cultured in Nitsch & Nitsch medium containing lµM GA3, 10 IAA, 2 g/l activated charcoal, 2% (w/v)sucrose and 0.8% (w/v) agar. Embryo rescue and its germination were carried out successfully in most of the cultivars. Results showed that culturing of ovules at 20 days after flower opening in cvs White Seedless, and Red Seedless and 40 days after flower opening in cvs Flame Seedless, Yaghooti and Askary were the most convenient to rescue the embryos. The highest success rate was obtained in cv. Flame Seedless (10.2%), while it was too low in cv. Red Seedless (0.97%).