بررسي شيوع ديابت بارداري در زنان باردار در بندر عباس

Prevalence of gestational diabetes in pregnant women of Bandar Abbas

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism which should be detected for the first time during pregnancy. Without the appropriate screening methods, it is usually missed & causes complication for both mother & fetus. The aim of this study was the estimation of prevalence of GDM in pregnant women of Bandar Abbas. Materials and Methods: During a 2-year study (from March 2002 to March 2004) 800 pregnant women were evaluated in obstetric clinics of Hormozgan University. Initially, medical history and risk factors for GDM were recorded and physical examinations were carried out. Then, standard, oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT), with 50 gr. Glucose, with a cutoff point of 130 mg/dL, were performed. All cases with positive screening tests underwent three hour OGTT with 100 gr glucose. Results: Prevalence rate of GDM in our study was 6. 3% (CL 95%= 4. 7%-8. 4%) according to National Diabetes Data Group criteria and 8. 9% (CL 95%, 6. 9%-11. 3%) according to Carpenter Coustan criteria. The mean age of GDM patients (28. 2±5. 6 years) was significantly higher than the healthy group (24. 61.5. 2 years) (p<0. 001). The means for the number of pregnancies, systolic blood pressure & body mass index (BMI) were significantly higher in the GDM group, in comparison to the healthy group (p<0. 05). The three risk factors of age a25 years, history of macrosomia & BMI Z 27 kg/m2 were correlated with GDM (p<0. 05). We would have missed 12. 9% of patients, had we followed ADA recommendations (American Diabetes Association. Conclusion: This study showed that GDM has a high prevalence in Bandar Abbas compared to reports from other areas of Iran, and screening all pregnant women in Bandar Abbas for GDM, regardless of the risk factors for GDM or clinical manifestation of diabetes, is necessary.