تنگناهاي انرژي و ارزيابي پتانسيل انرژي خورشيدي در ايران

Energy Limitation and Evaluation of Potential Solar Energy in Iran

Energy which in terms of physics is interpreted as the ability to work appears in different forms such as heat, mechanical, light, electrical, chemical nuclear energy, etc, is a vitally important factor for permanence and continuation of the world. From historical point of view, energy depended first on fuel from wood end then on coal. Since the middle of 19 th century, dependence on fossil fuel has become very obvious. Nowadays, 90 percent of energy consumption of industrial countries is supplied by fossil fuel. According to certain predictions, unless there is a change in the rate of our energy consumption, all fuel energy resources will come to an end maximum in this century. Therefore, there is a great deal of struggle and effort especially in. industrial countries to find a kind of energy that can replace the fossil fuel. A number of alternatives, such as wind, solar, and nuclear energy have been proposed to solve this problem. Despite many technical difficulties, our land is one of the best countries that can obtain solar energy because of its climatic situation. This paper is an attempt to analyse the sunshine and cloudiness data from 85 synoptic stations during 1966 -1991 and recommend using energy by installing photovoltaic and heat collectors.