الگوي علم شناسي اصوليان

An Analysis of Usulisʹ Model of Philosophy of Knowledge

Usulis and jurists should make jurisprudence and Usul al-Fiqh in conformity with a specific model of philosophy of knowledge in order to indicate that those two are two independent sciences having certain cognitive, epistemological identities. The major problem in the philosophy of knowledge is the unifying as well as distinctive criterion for oneness of problems of a science. Juristsʹ and Usulisʹ only model of philosophy of knowledge was Aristotelian logical philosophy of knowledge. That philosophy of knowledge is subject-axis. To indicate the subject of science of Usul al-Fiqh and to assert that problems of Usul are essential accidents of that subject, would cause several disputes and challenging discussions. For almost ten centuries, the position of Usulis was to indicate compatibility of Usul al-Fiqh with Aristotelian model of philosophy of knowledge and to solve, with some difficulty, problems caused by it. Khorasani criticized Aristotelian model of philosophy of knowledge and presented an end-axis philosophy of knowledge. Following a detailed theory, such men of thought as Tabatabaee distinguished real sciences from mentally-posited ones confirming Aristotelian philosophy of knowledge in the former and Khorasaniʹs model in the latter. Imam Khomeini holds that historical development of sciences is the best proof for incompatibility of all sciences whether real or mentally-posited with the Aristotelian model. That historical insight presents a new model of philosophy of sciences.