فوتبال و فرديت فرهنگ ها

Football and the Individuality of Cultures

In this article , football has been considered and studied, from an anthropological perspective, as a fully social event. It has been attempted to examine and survey the carnival and collective behaviors related to football as a subculture. Then, its relationship with the other cultural and social phenomena has been demonstrated. Carnivals and football festivals are suitable atmospheres in which the individuals and various groups try to promote their symbolic positions. Hence, a carnival or festival plays an important part in forming the identity element. In these national carnivals, i.e., football festivals, the marginal groups are activated and play a significant role in forming the cultural values and identity. Thus, football is a suitable atmosphere for the emergence of the social individuality Based on the field research findings, one may conclude that the various aspects of this carnival subculture in Iran are as follows Dancing; using fire materials; breaking the things around; changing womenʹs clothes; not feeling socially apart; taking advantage of forbidden symbolism; telling jokes; saying bad words; etc . The carnival subculture in Iran may be noticed in flags, clothes, make-up, horns, noise-making, dancing, and sometimes few riots.