آغاز جهان و كيهان شناسي نوين

The Origin of the Universe and Modern Cosmology

Cosmology and the issue of the origin and the end of the universe are the shared topics of three fields of human knowledge, namely science, religion and philosophy, and are dealt with since time immemorial, though before the Renaissance and even till the early twentieth century, physical cosmology stood below the religious and philosophic cosmologies. This paper deals with fundamental principles and bases and the most important modern scientific cosmological models followed by a review of their scientific problems and shortcomings and, where necessary, their philosophic bases and problems.