طراحي مدل پرستاري توانبخشي رواني چند بعدي در مراقبت از بيماران اسكيزوفرنيا

DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL PSYCHIATRIC REHABILITATION NURSING MODEL IN THE CARE OF SCHIZOPHRENIC PATIENTS

Mental illnesses, especially schizophrenia have a disabling, recurring and long - lasting nature and are a problem of the present communities. All the ruling systems spend lots of resources & money for the ʹrehabilitation as well as the treatment. Similarly ,it is also a problem in our country "IRAN" as in others.Culture can influence mental illnesses that require more attention in care,treatment and rehabilitation. Present methods in treatment and rehabilitation in "IRAN" are based on the current and traditional ones, So, the researchers have attempted to design a rehabilitation model for the schizophrenics in accordance with the present cultural situation of ʹIRANʹ.In this design, the researchers used a qualitative method based on a grounded theory. The participants were 15 professionals of various disciplines such as psychiatry,clinical psychology, psychiatric nursing, occupational therapy, social work and the client(s).The data was recorded and saved on a magnetic tape, then analyzed after having being written up for several times. The research findings showed the core variable "being incomprehensive" in providing care, therapeutic and rehabilitative services, furthermore, these services do not cover all the aspects of the human - being This attempt resulted in designing a multidimensional nursing rehabilitation model for the care of the schizophrenics considering the main variable such as religious beliefs. Some features of the model are as follows : focusing on the client and family instead of the clientʹs illness, focusing on the active participation role of the- client and family instead of their passive role , involvement of the client and family in the process of the treatment and follow-up by rehabilitation. Teaching the client and family about social participation & self care, in addition to pharmacotherapy ,with more attention to social and spiritual needs. Training individually and in groups should be considered for the client and family.Treatment and rehabilitation continues at home and community ,contrary to the traditional model.