برآورد هموزيگوسيتي آللهاي جنسي و رابطه آن با توليد عسل در توده زنبوزان عسل ، استان هاي تهران ، مركزي ، اصفهان و قزوين

Estimation of homozygosity and its correlation with honey production in the honey bee population of Tehran, Markazi, Isfahan and Qazvin provinces

Sex alleles in honeybee like other gene alleles are influenced by homozygosity in closed populations. Increasing of homozygosity decreases sex alleles. Due to the reduction of sex alleles in the population, diploid drones number increase in the colony and cannibalism phenomenon appear, the number of new bom and brood survival decrease and consequently honey production decrease. Sex alleles estimation in honey bee populations of Tehran, Markazi, Isfahan and Qazvin provinces by investigation in 700 colonies were carried out. Brood survival in the colonies was taken into account for determining of sex alleles number based on Ruttner method in 1988. Results show that averages of homozygosity in the studied apiaries were between 6.665% and 23.982%. Minimum and maximum means of homozygosity in the different regions were 10.24% (Golpaiegan in Isfahan province) and 17.898% (Sarband in Markazi province), respectively. Total mean of homozygosity and sex alleles in the studied area were 13.262% and 7.64, respectively. Maximum and minimum means of sex allels in the studied provinces were 8.42 (Qazvin province) and 7.31 (Tehran province), respectively. Also, there was a negative significant correlation (r = -0.09) between means of apiary honey production (AHP) and homozygosity of sex alleles (HAS). Regression equation between AHP and HAS was: AHP = 4.137 - 0.0273 HAS.