بررسي خصوصيات بيولوژيك و آفات مهم قارچ خوراكي دكمه اي در كرج

Biological Notes on Lycoriella auripila (Dip.: Sciaridae) and Coboldia fuscipes (Dip.:Scatopsidae), as Important Pests of Button Mushroom in Karadj

According to the studies carried out from July to December 2000, the species Lycoriella auripila (Winnertz) and Cobaldia fuscipes (Meigen) are known as important pests of button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus (Lange), in Karadj mushroom houses. These species are the most important pests of button mushroom in the most regions of the world. The biology of these pests was studied in laboratory conditions (20±1 °C, R.H. > 80% and 16L: 8D photoperiod). The results indicated that developmental time in males and females were 29.85±0.146 and 29.08±0.153 days in L. auripila and 30.24±0.14 and 29.10±0.14 days in C. fuscipes, respectively. The incubation larval and pupal periods were determined as 4.18±0.031, 17.57±0.128 and 4.82±0.051 days for L. auripila and 2.6±0.01, 20.88±0.I3 and 4.57±0.03 days for C. fuscipes, respectively. The adult longevity of males and females in natural condition of mushroom cultivation were obtained 4.06±0.115 and 3.31-}0.102 days in L auripila and 3.19±0.12 and 2.95±0.12 days in C. fuscipes ,respectively. The juvenile mortality in L. auripila and C. fuscipes were 61.9±2.76 and 77.15±5.32 percent, respectively. Sex ratio in artificial feeding condition (Malt, Yeast, and Agar) were 1.15:1 male to female in L. auripila and 1.09:1 in C. fuscipes and in natural cultivation condition of mushroom were 1.09:1 male to female in L. auripila and 1.11:1 in C. fuscipes. Net reproductive rate and intrinsic rate of increase were calculated as 9.3 and 0.07 in L. auripila and 28.4 and 0.107 in C. fuscipes, respectively.